cursor / Composer 2.5 Fast session: 9fd4ce74-c2db-4981-98fc-8bfa66705654 cwd: /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu
harness
cursor
model
Composer 2.5 Fast
turns
98
tools called
85
events
185
input toks
198,436
output toks
31,632
cache hit
2,577,834
duration
2106.6s
solution.py
final answer
benchmark.log
check.log
result.json
"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).

Per expert e:
    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import triton
import triton.language as tl


def _num_sms() -> int:
    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count


@triton.autotune(
    configs=[
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 256}, num_stages=2, num_warps=4),
    ],
    key=["H", "I", "E"],
)
@triton.jit
def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
    a_ptr,
    b_gate_ptr,
    b_up_ptr,
    c_ptr,
    offsets_ptr,
    E,
    H,
    I,
    stride_am,
    stride_ak,
    stride_bg,
    stride_bh,
    stride_bi,
    stride_cm,
    stride_cn,
    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
):
    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
    iterated_tiles = 0

    for g in tl.range(E):
        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
        m_size = m_end - m_start

        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles

        if m_size > 0:
            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles

                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)

                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)

                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)

                    a_ptrs = (
                        a_ptr
                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
                    )
                    bg_ptrs = (
                        b_gate_ptr
                        + g * stride_bg
                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
                    )
                    bu_ptrs = (
                        b_up_ptr
                        + g * stride_bg
                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
                    )

                    a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
                    b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)

                    a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
                    bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
                    bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)

                    acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
                    acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)

                gate = acc_gate
                silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
                c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)

                c_ptrs = (
                    c_ptr
                    + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
                )
                c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
                tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)

                tidx += NUM_SMS

        iterated_tiles += num_tiles


def grouped_swiglu(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
    W_up: torch.Tensor,
    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape

    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
    num_sms = _num_sms()

    _grouped_swiglu_kernel[(num_sms,)](
        hidden_states,
        W_gate,
        W_up,
        out,
        expert_offsets,
        E,
        H,
        I,
        hidden_states.stride(0),
        hidden_states.stride(1),
        W_gate.stride(0),
        W_gate.stride(1),
        W_gate.stride(2),
        out.stride(0),
        out.stride(1),
        NUM_SMS=num_sms,
    )
    return out


class Model(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: int, K: int):  # noqa: E741
        super().__init__()
        self.T_total = T_total
        self.H = H
        self.I = I
        self.E = E
        self.K = K
        self.W_gate = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
        self.W_up = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
        nn.init.normal_(self.W_gate, std=0.02)
        nn.init.normal_(self.W_up, std=0.02)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        return grouped_swiglu(
            hidden_states.contiguous(),
            self.W_gate.contiguous(),
            self.W_up.contiguous(),
            expert_offsets.contiguous(),
        )


T_total = 32768
H = 4096
I = 1536  # noqa: E741
E = 128
K = 8


def _build_routing(T_total: int, E: int, K: int, device: str = "cpu") -> torch.Tensor:
    T_perm = T_total * K
    base = T_perm // E
    rem = T_perm - base * E
    counts = torch.full((E,), base, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
    counts[:rem] += 1
    offsets = torch.zeros(E + 1, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
    offsets[1:] = torch.cumsum(counts, dim=0)
    return offsets


def get_inputs():
    T_perm = T_total * K
    hidden_states = torch.randn(T_perm, H, dtype=torch.bfloat16) * 0.1
    expert_offsets = _build_routing(T_total, E, K)
    return [hidden_states, expert_offsets]


def get_init_inputs():
    return [T_total, H, I, E, K]
I'll start by reading the reference implementation and workspace layout, then implement a grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU kernel in `solution.py`. Exploring available tools and reference implementations for grouped GEMM on SM120. Implementing a Triton grouped GEMM with fused SwiGLU, starting with a correct baseline before optimizing. Correctness passes. Running the benchmark and optimizing performance. Optimizing the Triton kernel with autotune, pipelining, and a per-expert fast path for larger tiles. Fixing the grid calculation to use autotuned block sizes via a meta function. Per-expert launches regressed. Switching back to the persistent kernel with autotune and exploring CUTLASS DSL for Blackwell. At 10.1% peak fraction. Studying quack's variable-length GEMM and pushing performance further. Implementing a precomputed tile schedule to remove the per-expert loop and adding TMA loads. Fixing a schedule/block-size mismatch by using shape-specific fixed tile sizes. Restoring the best-performing persistent autotune kernel and trying a one-tile-per-CTA launch for higher parallelism. Restoring the persistent autotune kernel — our best result at 10.1% peak fraction. Implemented a Triton grouped GEMM with fused SwiGLU in `solution.py`. It passes `check.py` and benchmarks at **10.1% peak fraction** (geomean across all three shapes). ## Approach The kernel is a **persistent grouped GEMM** that fuses SwiGLU in the epilogue: - **Per expert `e`**: rows `[offsets[e]:offsets[e+1])` of `hidden_states` - **Dual accumulators** in fp32: `acc_gate` and `acc_up` from `x @ W_gate[e]` and `x @ W_up[e]` - **Fused epilogue**: `silu(acc_gate) * acc_up` → bf16 output - **Scheduling**: one launch over all SMs; each CTA walks experts via `expert_offsets` and processes assigned `(M, N)` tiles persistently ## Key design choices 1. **Grouped layout** — `hidden_states` is `(T_perm, H)` with variable M per expert; weights are `(E, H, I)`. 2. **No forbidden ops** — no `torch.matmul`, `torch.bmm`, `F.linear`, or `sonic_moe`. 3. **Autotune** — tile configs keyed on `(H, I, E)` for the three benchmark shapes. 4. **fp32 accumulation** — bf16 inputs with fp32 dot accumulators for numerical stability (within 0.02 tol). ## Results | Shape | TFLOPS | ms | Peak fraction | |-------|--------|-----|---------------| | 0 (32K/4096/1536/128) | 42.6 | 19.3 | 8.5% | | 1 (4K/2048/1024/64) | 71.9 | 0.48 | 14.4% | | 2 (16K/2048/4096/64) | 42.0 | 13.1 | 8.4% | **Geomean peak fraction: 0.101** → `RESULT: OK` Triton is a solid baseline here (~10% of the 500 TFLOPS bf16 peak). A CUTLASS DSL / Blackwell tcgen05 kernel (as in quack-kernels) would be the next step for substantially higher throughput on SM120 — that path needs warp-specialized TMA + tensor-core MMA rather than generic `tl.dot` loads.
warning: `VIRTUAL_ENV=/home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/.venv` does not match the project environment path `/home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo/.venv` and will be ignored; use `--active` to target the active environment instead
benchmark_event event=variant_start shape=0 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:11.950917+00:00
benchmark_event event=variant_end shape=0 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:13.708995+00:00 elapsed_s=1.758 ms=19.345648
shape=0 variant=solution tflops=42.626 gbps=319.142 ms=19.346
shape=0 solution_peak_fraction=0.0853
benchmark_event event=variant_start shape=1 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:20.398657+00:00
benchmark_event event=variant_end shape=1 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:20.790946+00:00 elapsed_s=0.392 ms=0.476256
shape=1 variant=solution tflops=72.146 gbps=1338.638 ms=0.476
shape=1 solution_peak_fraction=0.1443
benchmark_event event=variant_start shape=2 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:49.045279+00:00
benchmark_event event=variant_end shape=2 variant=solution ts=2026-06-15T18:55:50.155498+00:00 elapsed_s=1.110 ms=13.068016
shape=2 variant=solution tflops=42.069 gbps=287.580 ms=13.068
shape=2 solution_peak_fraction=0.0841
peak_fraction: 0.1012
RESULT: OK
warning: `VIRTUAL_ENV=/home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/.venv` does not match the project environment path `/home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo/.venv` and will be ignored; use `--active` to target the active environment instead
warning: Ignoring existing virtual environment linked to non-existent Python interpreter: /home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo/.venv/bin/python3 -> python
Using CPython 3.11.15
Removed virtual environment at: /home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo/.venv
Creating virtual environment at: /home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo/.venv
   Building kernelbench-hard @ file:///home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo
      Built kernelbench-hard @ file:///home/infatoshi/kernelbench.com/benchmarks/hard/outputs/runs/20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu/repo
Installed 56 packages in 65ms
PASS
{
    "run_id": "20260615_121705_cursor_composer-2.5-fast_06_sonic_moe_swiglu",
    "run_group": "",
    "problem": "06_sonic_moe_swiglu",
    "harness": "cursor",
    "model": "composer-2.5-fast",
    "reasoning_effort": "",
    "started_at": "2026-06-15T12:17:05-06:00",
    "harness_finished_at": "2026-06-15T12:52:14-06:00",
    "finished_at": "2026-06-15T12:55:50-06:00",
    "start_epoch": 1781547425,
    "harness_end_epoch": 1781549534,
    "end_epoch": 1781549750,
    "has_solution": true,
    "correct": true,
    "failure_reason": "pass",
    "retryable_infra_failure": false,
    "minimum_useful_output_tokens": 5000,
    "peak_fraction": 0.1012,
    "template_mutated": false,
    "elapsed_seconds": 2109,
    "total_elapsed_seconds": 2325,
    "check_elapsed_seconds": 126,
    "benchmark_elapsed_seconds": 90,
    "check_timeout_seconds": 180,
    "benchmark_timeout_seconds": 1800,
    "check_exit_code": 0,
    "benchmark_exit_code": 0,
    "harness_exit_code": 0,
    "session_complete": true,
    "agent_cuda_disabled": false,
    "agent_container": true,
    "agent_container_image": "nvcr.io/nvidia/tensorrt-llm/release:latest",
    "agent_container_network": "bridge",
    "gpu_queue_mode": "agent_container_native_profiling_path_wrapper_gpu_lock",
    "output_tokens_per_second": 14.998577524893314,
    "usage": {"input_tokens": 198436, "output_tokens": 31632, "cache_read_tokens": 2577834, "cache_creation_tokens": 0, "reasoning_tokens": null, "total_cost_usd": null}
}

timeline (185 events)

system — init
session start cwd=/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu model=Composer 2.5 Fast permissions=default
user
I need you to write the up-projection of a top-K MoE FFN with grouped GEMM and fused SwiGLU for the RTX PRO 6000 (SM120 Blackwell, GDDR7, 1.8 TB/s). The reference implementation is in reference.py and your kernel goes in solution.py. You can make whatever mess you want in this directory — scratch files, intermediate kernels, build artifacts, profiling traces — but the final answer has to be in solution.py with the same Model, get_inputs, and get_init_inputs interface as reference.py. The op is: per expert e, compute h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e]) where x_e is the slice of permuted hidden states routed to expert e. Inputs are hidden_states of shape (T_perm, H) bf16 (already permuted into expert order, T_perm = T_total * K), expert_offsets of shape (E+1,) int32 (prefix sums of token counts per expert, so expert e owns rows [offsets[e]:offsets[e+1]]), and per-expert weights W_gate and W_up each of shape (E, H, I) bf16. You return gated_up of shape (T_perm, I) bf16. Correctness tolerance is 0.02 abs/rel on bf16. The shapes you have to handle are T_total=32768 H=4096 I=1536 E=128 K=8 (the headline sonic-moe configuration, 32K tokens, 128 experts, top-8), T_total=4096 H=2048 I=1024 E=64 K=4 (smaller / faster iteration), and T_total=16384 H=2048 I=4096 E=64 K=8 (intermediate-heavy aspect ratio that forces larger N tiles). This needs to be a real custom kernel — the whole point is to implement the variable-length grouped GEMM and fuse SwiGLU into the epilogue, not to dispatch to a vendor library. Don't import or call torch.matmul, torch.bmm, torch.nn.functional.linear, F.linear, or anything from sonic_moe. Try CUTLASS grouped GEMM (the intended path), Triton with a grouped-GEMM autotune, CUDA C++ via load_inline, or inline PTX — your call. Anything you're uncertain about, look up PTX docs, clone CUTLASS or sonic-moe or quack-kernels or other reference repos, read library headers, and investigate. Your flywheel is implement, profile (ncu, nsys, torch.profiler — whatever's useful) and time it with benchmark.py, verify correctness by running `python check.py` and reading the output, then iterate. Don't substitute your own one-off correctness snippets for check.py — it iterates over every shape, your spot-check almost certainly won't. If `python check.py` hasn't printed PASS, you're not done. Take as long as you need to actually push the number up. Workspace isolation note: you are already running inside the archive-local problem workspace, /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu. Write the final answer to solution.py in the current directory only. The source repository's problems/ tree is not mounted. Container note: inside this run, the visible workspace path is /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu. The source repository, old runs, leaderboards, and host harness memory are not mounted. Container network mode is bridge. Run all Python through `uv run ...` so you use the workspace uv environment; it is built from the same uv.lock as the official scoring environment. The container image's system python has a different torch build and is NOT the scoring environment.
assistant
I'll start by reading the reference implementation and workspace layout, then implement a grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU kernel in `solution.py`.
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu",
  "globPattern": "**/*"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/reference.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/reference.py"
}
tool
stdout (3800 chars) — TRUNCATED
"""Naive grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU reference (correctness only, NOT the SOTA).

This is the up-projection of an MoE FFN. Each token i is assigned to K experts;
expert_indices[i*K + j] tells you which expert. Tokens are dispatched to experts
according to routing metadata; we compute, per expert e:

    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e])  *  (x_e @ W_up[e])

where x_e is the slice of permuted hidden states routed to expert e, with
expert_offsets[e]:expert_offsets[e+1] giving its row range in the permuted layout.

The reference loops over experts in Python. Slow, but pedagogically clear and
correct. Forbidden ops (torch.matmul, torch.bmm, F.linear, sonic_moe imports)
are NOT used here, but the reference is exempt — only solution.py is checked.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

OP_TYPE = "grouped_gemm_swiglu"
SUPPORTED_PRECISIONS = ["bf16"]
HARDWARE_REQUIRED = ["RTX_PRO_6000", "H100", "B200"]


class Model(nn.Module):
    """Up-projection of a top-K MoE FFN with fused SwiGLU.

    Inputs at call time:
      hidden_states:    (T_perm, H)  bf16, already permuted to expert order
      expert_offsets:   (E+1,)       int32, prefix sums of token counts per expert
                                     so expert e owns rows [offsets[e]:offsets[e+1]]
                                     T_perm = T_total * K (each token visits K experts)

    Output:
      gated_up:         (T_perm, I)  bf16
    """

    def __init__(self,

... (2300 more chars)
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py"
}
tool
stdout (4091 chars) — TRUNCATED
"""Correctness runner for Sonic-MoE up-projection (grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU).

Runs solution.Model vs reference.Model across all shapes in shapes.py, 3 seeds
each, with per-dtype atol/rtol. Also rejects forbidden ops by grep.
"""
import re
import sys
from pathlib import Path

import torch
import yaml

# Make the repo's src/ importable
REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
sys.path.insert(0, str(REPO_ROOT))

from src.eval.correctness import check_correctness  # noqa: E402
from src.eval.numeric_stress import (  # noqa: E402
    numeric_stress_cases,
    numeric_stress_context,
    tolerance_for_case,
)


def main():
    try:
        import reference
        import shapes
        import solution
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"FAIL: import error: {e}")
        sys.exit(1)

    problem_yaml = Path("problem.yaml")
    meta = yaml.safe_load(problem_yaml.read_text()) if problem_yaml.exists() else {}

    # --- Forbidden-op check ------------------------------------------------
    sol_src = Path("solution.py").read_text() if Path("solution.py").exists() else ""
    for forbidden in meta.get("forbidden", []):
        pat = re.escape(forbidden)
        if re.search(pat, sol_src):
            print(f"FAIL: forbidden op used: {forbidden}")
            sys.exit(1)

    device = torch.device("cuda:0")
    tol_override = meta.get("tolerance") or None

    # --- Per-shape correctness --------------------------------------------
    all_shapes = shapes.SHAPES
    for 

... (2591 more chars)
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/benchmark.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/benchmark.py"
}
tool
stdout (5442 chars) — TRUNCATED
"""Roofline benchmark for Sonic-MoE up-projection (grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU).

For each shape: times the agent's solution first. Optional eager, compiled,
and SOTA diagnostics are enabled with KBH_BENCHMARK_BASELINES=1. Reports achieved TFLOPS, GB/s, and peak_fraction.

Output lines the harness picks up:
  shape=<idx> variant=<name> tflops=<N> gbps=<N> ms=<N>
  peak_fraction: <N>  (geomean over shapes of solution's peak_fraction)
"""
import sys
from math import exp, log
from pathlib import Path

import torch
import yaml

REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
sys.path.insert(0, str(REPO_ROOT))

from src.eval.roofline import compute_gbps, compute_tflops, peak_fraction  # noqa: E402
from src.eval.timing import benchmark_baselines_enabled, time_variant  # noqa: E402
from src.hardware import get as get_hw  # noqa: E402


def _eval_formula(expr: str, vars: dict) -> float:
    return float(eval(expr, {"__builtins__": {}}, vars))


def main():
    import reference
    import shapes
    import solution

    meta = yaml.safe_load(Path("problem.yaml").read_text())
    hw = get_hw(meta["hardware"][0])
    peak_tflops = hw.peak_tflops_dense.get(meta["peak_tflops_key"], 0.0)
    peak_gbps = hw.peak_bandwidth_gb_s
    regime = meta.get("regime", "compute")
    flops_formula = meta["flops_formula"]
    bytes_formula = meta["bytes_formula"]
    num_perf_trials = int(meta.get("num_perf_trials", 20))

    device = torch.device("cuda:0")
    include_baselines = benchmark_baselines_e

... (3942 more chars)
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/shapes.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/shapes.py"
}
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/problem.yaml
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/problem.yaml"
}
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/sota.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/sota.py"
}
tool
stdout (841 chars)
"""Shape sweep for Sonic-MoE up-projection (grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU).

Defaults match the sonic-moe paper's headline configuration. We add:
  - a smaller shape for fast iteration during agent development
  - a wider intermediate (different aspect ratio) to stress N-tile selection
"""

SHAPES = [
    # Headline sonic-moe shape: 32K tokens, 128 experts, top-8.
    {"T_total": 32768, "H": 4096, "I": 1536, "E": 128, "K": 8},

    # Fast-iteration shape (~16x cheaper). Same expert count to keep the
    # variable-length grouped layout meaningful, but smaller token / hidden dims.
    {"T_total": 4096, "H": 2048, "I": 1024, "E": 64, "K": 4},

    # Different aspect ratio: smaller H, wider I (intermediate-heavy FFN).
    # Forces tiles to handle larger N relative to K.
    {"T_total": 16384, "H": 2048, "I": 4096, "E": 64, "K": 8},
]
tool
stdout (1839 chars) — TRUNCATED
name: 06_sonic_moe_swiglu
display_name: "Sonic-MoE up-projection (Grouped GEMM + SwiGLU)"
precision: bf16
regime: compute
hardware: [RTX_PRO_6000]
peak_tflops_key: bf16
peak_bandwidth_key: dram

# Dense-equivalent FLOPs: gate GEMM + up GEMM + SwiGLU (negligible elementwise).
# Per token: 2*H*I FMAs for gate, 2*H*I for up => 2 * T_total * H * (2*I).
# (Each of T_total tokens visits K experts, but total work = T_total * K * (2*H*I*2)
# only if you count routing. The standard MoE FLOPs convention counts only the
# active per-token compute: T_total tokens * 2 * (2*I) * H. We follow that.)
flops_formula: "2 * T_total * H * (2 * I)"

# Bytes moved (approximate, lower bound):
#   read hidden (T_perm = T_total*K rows of H bf16) + read 2 weight matrices per
#   expert (E * H * 2*I bf16) + write output (T_perm rows of I bf16).
bytes_formula: "T_total*K*H*2 + E*H*(2*I)*2 + T_total*K*I*2"

tolerance:
  bfloat16: 0.02

# Forbidden ops -- agent must write the grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU themselves.
# - torch.matmul / torch.bmm / F.linear: cuBLAS dispatch, defeats the point.
# - sonic_moe imports: vendor-call cheating; the SOTA is graded separately.
forbidden:
  - "torch.matmul"
  - "torch.bmm"
  - "torch.nn.functional.linear"
  - "F.linear"
  - "from sonic_moe"
  - "import sonic_moe"

sota:
  name: "Sonic-MoE up-projection (Tri Dao)"
  url: "https://github.com/Dao-AILab/sonic-moe"
  function: "sonic_moe.fused_moe_up"
  deps:
    - "sonic-moe>=0.1.2"   # requires Python>=3.12, sm_120 suppor

... (339 more chars)
tool
stdout (2822 chars) — TRUNCATED
"""SOTA reference for Sonic-MoE up-projection: Tri Dao's sonic-moe.

Status (2026-04): sonic-moe ships on PyPI as `sonic-moe` (>=0.1.2.post1) and
requires Python>=3.12. It dispatches to QuACK CuTeDSL grouped GEMM kernels.
SM120 (RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Workstation) support is in-progress upstream --
the package installs cleanly but kernels may fail at launch on SM120 (the
QuACK grouped-GEMM path targets Sm90/Sm100 in the public release).

If the live call fails, `is_available()` returns False and the benchmark scores
the agent against PyTorch eager + the documented H100 paper ceiling (see
problem.yaml.sota.reference_throughput_tflops_h100). Agents are FORBIDDEN from
importing sonic_moe in solution.py (see problem.yaml.forbidden).
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import torch


def _try_sonic_moe(
    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
    W_up: torch.Tensor,
    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
) -> torch.Tensor | None:
    try:
        import sonic_moe  # type: ignore  # noqa: F401
    except Exception:
        return None
    try:
        # Public sonic-moe API surface is still stabilizing. The expected entry
        # point bundles gate+up weights as a single (E, H, 2*I) tensor and fuses
        # SwiGLU. Adapt to the actual signature once SM120 lands.
        W = torch.cat([W_gate, W_up], dim=-1).contiguous()  # (E, H, 2*I)
        from sonic_moe import fused_moe_up  # type: ignore
        return fused_moe_up(hidden_states, W, expert_offsets)
    ex

... (1322 more chars)
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu",
  "globPattern": "solution.py"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "nvidia-smi --query-gpu=name,compute_cap,memory.total --format=csv,noheader 2>/dev/null; uv run python -c \"import torch; print('torch', torch.__version__); print('cuda', torch.cuda.is_available()); print('cap', torch.cuda.get_device_capability() if torch.cuda.is_available() else None)\"",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_8bb63c22-0977-4498-9c9d-996a0fbce65",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "nvidia-smi",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [

... (1719 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Exploring available tools and reference implementations for grouped GEMM on SM120.
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "uv run python -c \"import triton; print('triton', triton.__version__)\" 2>&1; ls /usr/local/cuda/include/cutlass 2>/dev/null | head -5; uv run python -c \"import cutlass; print('cutlass')\" 2>&1; find /workspace -name \"*.py\" -path \"*grouped*\" 2>/dev/null | head -20",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_5ee625ad-1aab-4513-a328-86809c8c987",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv",
    "ls",
    "head",
    "uv",
    "find",
    "head"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "ex

... (3235 more chars)
assistant
semSearch
args
{
  "query": "grouped GEMM SwiGLU MoE kernel implementation",
  "targetDirectories": [],
  "explanation": ""
}
tool
stderr (178 chars)
errorMessage: 'Codebase search is unavailable for this conversation because the codebase index could not be found. Do not retry SemanticSearch. Use Grep, Glob, and Read instead.'
assistant
grep /workspace
args
{
  "pattern": "grouped.*gemm|GroupGemm|grouped_gemm",
  "path": "/workspace",
  "caseInsensitive": true,
  "headLimit": 40,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_7f8c25ce-326b-490f-b23e-8874bc42c0f",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/vendored_templates/cutedsl_grouped_gemm.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/vendored_templates/cutedsl_grouped_gemm.py",
  "limit": 200
}
tool
stdout (9037 chars) — TRUNCATED
# Copyright (c) 2025 - 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause

# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
# list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

# 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
# this software without specific prior written permission.

# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY

... (7537 more chars)
assistant
grep /workspace/src
args
{
  "pattern": "numeric_stress",
  "path": "/workspace/src",
  "outputMode": "files_with_matches",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_ecdcb798-ce9c-4887-aef0-6347a5c6245",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<216 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_0585226d-bff0-4349-bb05-734555ecfdb",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "run"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "python"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "-c

... (904 more chars)
command (216 chars)
uv run python -c "
import triton
import triton.language as tl
print('has dot', hasattr(tl, 'dot'))
# Check bf16 support
import torch
x = torch.randn(16,16, device='cuda', dtype=torch.bfloat16)
print('bf16 cuda ok')
"
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /workspace/src/eval/numeric_stress.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/src/eval/numeric_stress.py"
}
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/problems",
  "globPattern": "**/solution.py"
}
tool
stdout (6468 chars) — TRUNCATED
"""Numeric distribution stress cases for correctness checks.

These cases are not hidden shapes. They rerun the same shape/seed validation
under a few scale regimes that catch kernels that only work for the nominal
N(0, 1)-ish inputs.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import os
from collections.abc import Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
from contextlib import contextmanager
from dataclasses import dataclass, field

import torch

ToleranceOverride = Mapping[str, float | Mapping[str, float]]


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class NumericStressCase:
    name: str
    input_scales: Mapping[int, float] = field(default_factory=dict)
    state_scales: Mapping[str, float] = field(default_factory=dict)
    tolerance: ToleranceOverride | None = None


NOMINAL_CASE = NumericStressCase("nominal")

_SMALL_BF16 = {"bfloat16": {"atol": 1e-4, "rtol": 5e-2}}
_MED_BF16 = {"bfloat16": {"atol": 5e-4, "rtol": 5e-2}}
_LARGE_BF16 = {"bfloat16": {"atol": 2e-1, "rtol": 5e-2}}
_TINY_FP32 = {"float32": {"atol": 1e-7, "rtol": 1e-4}}
_LARGE_FP32 = {"float32": {"atol": 1e-1, "rtol": 1e-4}}

_CASES: dict[str, tuple[NumericStressCase, ...]] = {
    "01_fp8_gemm": (
        # fp8 x fp8 has accumulation-order noise vs the bf16-matmul reference that
        # scales with input magnitude; atols are calibrated to absorb it (measured
        # fp8-MMA residual x ~1.5 margin) while rtol=5e-2 still catches gross error.
        NumericStressCase("small_input", input_scales={0: 1e-3},
                          tolerance={

... (4968 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "uv pip show cutlass 2>&1; uv pip show nvidia-cutlass-dsl 2>&1; uv pip show cutlass-dsl 2>&1; ls /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ | rg -i cutlass",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_c1da35ac-3690-444c-b304-bd839aba35e",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv",
    "uv",
    "uv",
    "ls",
    "rg"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value

... (2361 more chars)
tool
stdout (1094 chars)
failure:
  command: 'uv pip show cutlass 2>&1; uv pip show nvidia-cutlass-dsl 2>&1; uv pip show cutlass-dsl 2>&1; ls /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ | rg -i cutlass'
  workingDirectory: ''
  exitCode: 127
  signal: ''
  stdout:
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: cutlass
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: nvidia-cutlass-dsl
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: cutlass-dsl
  stderr:
    --: line 1: rg: command not found
  executionTime: 138
  interleavedOutput:
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: cutlass
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: nvidia-cutlass-dsl
    Using Python 3.11.15 environment at: /workspace/.venv
    warning: Package(s) not found for: cutlass-dsl
    --: line 1: rg: command not found
  aborted: False
  localExecutionTimeMs: 73
isBackground: False
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "uv pip install nvidia-cutlass-dsl 2>&1 | tail -20",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 120000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_c33aeaf2-f5b3-4533-af79-c9308f0a06e",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv",
    "tail"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "pip"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "install"
          },
          {
            "type"

... (858 more chars)
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/native/cuda/GroupMMCommon.cuh
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/native/cuda/GroupMMCommon.cuh",
  "limit": 150
}
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/mm_grouped.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/mm_grouped.py",
  "limit": 150
}
tool
stdout (4046 chars) — TRUNCATED
# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
import logging
from dataclasses import asdict, dataclass
from typing import Any, Optional

import torch
from torch._dynamo.utils import counters
from torch._inductor.codegen.cutedsl.cutedsl_template import CuteDSLTemplate
from torch._inductor.runtime.triton_compat import tl
from torch._inductor.template_heuristics.cutedsl import get_groupgemm_configs
from torch._inductor.virtualized import V
from torch.utils._triton import has_triton

from ..ir import ChoiceCaller, Layout, TensorBox
from ..lowering import register_lowering
from ..select_algorithm import (
    autotune_select_algorithm,
    ExternKernelChoice,
    realize_inputs,
    TritonTemplate,
)
from ..utils import (
    get_gpu_shared_memory,
    get_num_sms,
    has_free_symbols,
    use_aten_gemm_kernels,
    use_blackwell_cutedsl_grouped_mm,
    use_nv_universal_gemm_template,
    use_triton_template,
)
from .mm_common import (
    _is_static_problem,
    check_supported_striding,
    load_kernel_template,
    persistent_grouped_mm_grid,
)


log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
aten = torch.ops.aten


@dataclass
class Config:
    kwargs: dict[str, int]
    num_stages: int
    num_warps: int


_NV_CONFIGS = [
    Config(
        {
            "BLOCK_M": block_size_m,
            "BLOCK_N": block_size_n,
            "BLOCK_K": block_size_k,
            "NUM_CONSUMER_GROUPS": 1,
        },
        num_stages=num_stages,
        num_warps=num_warps,
    )
    for block_size_m in [16, 32, 64, 128]


... (2546 more chars)
tool
stdout (6189 chars) — TRUNCATED
#if !defined(TORCH_STABLE_ONLY) && !defined(TORCH_TARGET_VERSION)
#pragma once
#include <cutlass/util/packed_stride.hpp>

namespace at::cuda::detail {

using Strides = std::array<int64_t, 3>;

template <
    typename DtypeA,
    typename DtypeB,
    typename DtypeOutput,
    typename DtypeScale,
    typename ProblemShape,
    typename StrideA,
    typename StrideB,
    typename StrideOutput>
__global__ void prepare_grouped_gemm_data(
    DtypeA* A,
    DtypeB* B,
    DtypeOutput* output,
    DtypeScale* scale_A,
    DtypeScale* scale_B,
    DtypeA** A_ptrs,
    DtypeB** B_ptrs,
    DtypeOutput** output_ptrs,
    DtypeScale** inputA_scale_ptrs,
    DtypeScale** inputB_scale_ptrs,
    ProblemShape* problem_sizes,
    // Strides for cutlass, cute::Stride
    StrideA* stride_A,
    StrideB* stride_B,
    StrideOutput* stride_output,
    const int32_t* offs,
    int32_t M,
    int32_t N,
    int32_t K,
    // Original strides of the input tensors
    Strides tensor_StrideA,
    Strides tensor_StrideB,
    Strides tensor_StrideOutput,
    Strides tensor_ShapeA,
    Strides tensor_ShapeB,
    int64_t a_scale_stride,
    int64_t b_scale_stride,
    bool a_row_major = true,
    bool b_row_major = false) {
  int32_t tid = threadIdx.x;
  int32_t delta = 0;
  int32_t offset = 0;
  if (offs != nullptr) {
    int32_t start = tid == 0 ? 0 : offs[tid - 1];
    offset = offs[tid];
    delta = offset - start;
    CUDA_KERNEL_ASSERT(delta >=0 && "expected gemm dimension to be greater or equal 0

... (4689 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch",
  "globPattern": "**/triton_mm_grouped*"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<220 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_ed14f75a-a364-48c5-a052-261b1c9b94c",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "run"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "python"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "-c

... (908 more chars)
command (220 chars)
uv run python -c "
import cutlass
import cutlass.cute as cute
print('cutlass', cutlass.__version__ if hasattr(cutlass,'__version__') else 'ok')
import cutlass.utils.blackwell_helpers as bh
print('blackwell helpers ok')
"
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
await
args
{
  "taskId": "248045",
  "blockUntilMs": 60000,
  "regex": "blackwell|Error|ok"
}
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/templates/triton_mm_grouped.py.jinja
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/templates/triton_mm_grouped.py.jinja",
  "limit": 200
}
tool
stdout (5833 chars) — TRUNCATED
{% macro assign_maybe_constexpr(name, value_expr) -%}
    {%- set value_str = value_expr | string -%}
    {%- set sentinel = "__NOT_A_NUMBER__" -%}
    {%- set as_int = value_str | int(default=sentinel) -%}
    {%- set as_float = value_str | float(default=sentinel) -%}
    {%- set is_constexpr = (as_int != sentinel) or (as_float != sentinel) -%}
    {{ name }}{{ ": tl.constexpr" if is_constexpr else "" }} = {{ value_expr }}
{%- endmacro %}

import triton
import triton.language as tl

@triton.jit
def do_tma_loads(
    g, a_desc, b_desc, m_offset, n_offset, k_offset,
    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr, BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr, BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
):
{%- if A_IS_2D %}
{%- if A_IS_K_MAJOR %}
    a = a_desc.load([m_offset, k_offset])
{%- else %}
    a = a_desc.load([k_offset, m_offset])
{%- endif %}
{%- else %}
{%- if A_IS_K_MAJOR %}
    a = a_desc.load([g, m_offset, k_offset]).reshape(BLOCK_M, BLOCK_K)
{%- else %}
    a = a_desc.load([g, k_offset, m_offset]).reshape(BLOCK_K, BLOCK_M)
{%- endif %}
{%- endif %}
{%- if B_IS_2D %}
{%- if B_IS_K_MAJOR %}
    b = b_desc.load([n_offset, k_offset])
{%- else %}
    b = b_desc.load([k_offset, n_offset])
{%- endif %}
{%- else %}
{%- if B_IS_K_MAJOR %}
    b = b_desc.load([g, n_offset, k_offset]).reshape(BLOCK_N, BLOCK_K)
{%- else %}
    b = b_desc.load([g, k_offset, n_offset]).reshape(BLOCK_K, BLOCK_N)
{%- endif %}
{%- endif %}

    return (a, b)


@triton.jit
def do_mma(a, b, accumulator):
{%- if USE_FAST_ACCUM %}
{%- if A_IS_K_MAJOR and B_IS_K_MA

... (4333 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Implementing a Triton grouped GEMM with fused SwiGLU, starting with a correct baseline before optimizing.
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/templates/triton_mm_grouped.py.jinja
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/kernel/templates/triton_mm_grouped.py.jinja",
  "offset": 200
}
assistant
read /home/agent/.cursor/projects/workspace-problems-06-sonic-moe-swiglu/terminals/248045.txt
args
{
  "path": "/home/agent/.cursor/projects/workspace-problems-06-sonic-moe-swiglu/terminals/248045.txt"
}
tool
stdout (6651 chars) — TRUNCATED
{%- endif %}
    iterated_tiles = 0
    for g in tl.range(G):
{%- if M_IS_VARYING %}
        # Move across groups
        m_start_offset = m_end_offset
        m_end_offset = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
        m_size = m_end_offset - m_start_offset
{%- if SCALED %}
        m_scale_start_offset = m_start_offset
{%- endif %}
{%- else %}
        m_start_offset = 0
        m_size = M
{%- if SCALED %}
        m_scale_start_offset = g * M
{%- endif %}
{%- endif %}

{%- if N_IS_VARYING %}
        # Move across groups
        n_start_offset = n_end_offset
        n_end_offset = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
        n_size = n_end_offset - n_start_offset
{%- if SCALED %}
        n_scale_start_offset = n_start_offset
{%- endif %}
{%- else %}
        n_start_offset = 0
        n_size = N
{%- if SCALED %}
        n_scale_start_offset = g * N
{%- endif %}
{%- endif %}

        if m_size > 0 and n_size > 0:
{%- if K_IS_VARYING %}
            # Move across groups
            k_start_offset = k_end_offset
            k_end_offset = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
            k_size = k_end_offset - k_start_offset
{%- else %}
            k_start_offset = 0
            k_size = K
{%- endif %}

            num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
            num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(n_size, BLOCK_N)
            num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles

            # Move across tiles
            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
         

... (5151 more chars)
tool
stdout (859 chars)
---
pid: 976
cwd: "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
command: "uv run python -c \"\nimport cutlass\nimport cutlass.cute as cute\nprint('cutlass', cutlass.__version__ if hasattr(cutlass,'__version__') else 'ok')\nimport cutlass.utils.blackwell_helpers as bh\nprint('blackwell helpers ok')\n\""
started_at: 2026-06-15T18:17:41.511Z
running_for_ms: 55005    
---
Uninstalled 1 package in 1ms
warning: Failed to hardlink files; falling back to full copy. This may lead to degraded performance.
         If the cache and target directories are on different filesystems, hardlinking may not be supported.
         If this is intentional, set `export UV_LINK_MODE=copy` or use `--link-mode=copy` to suppress this warning.
Installed 1 package in 7ms
cutlass 4.5.2
blackwell helpers ok

---
exit_code: 0
elapsed_ms: 59396
ended_at: 2026-06-15T18:18:40.907Z
---
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (217 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- /dev/null
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
+
+Per expert e:
+    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import triton
+import triton.language as tl
+
+
+def _num_sms() -> int:
+    props = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0)
+    return props.multi_processor_count
+
+
+@triton.jit
+def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    offsets_ptr,
+    E,
+    H,
+    I,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bg,
+    stride_bh,
+    stride_bi,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
+    iterated_tiles = 0
+
+    for g in tl.range(E):
+        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
+        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
+        m_size = m_end - m_start
+        if m_size <= 0:
+            continue
+
+        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
+        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
+        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
+
+        while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
+            gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
+            tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
+            tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
+
+            acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+            acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+            offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+            offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+            for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+                offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+                a_ptrs = (
+                    a_ptr
+                    + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                    + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+                )
+                bg_ptrs = (
+                    b_gate_ptr
+                    + g * stride_bg
+                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                )
+                bu_ptrs = (
+                    b_up_ptr
+                    + g * stride_bg
+                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                )
+
+                a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
+                b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+
+                a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+                bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+                bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+                acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+                acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+            gate = acc_gate
+            silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+            c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+            c_ptrs = (
+                c_ptr
+                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
+                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
+            )
+            c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+            tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
+
+            tidx += NUM_SMS
+
+        iterated_tiles += num_tiles
+
+
+def _pick_config(H: int, I: int, E: int) -> dict:
+    """Heuristic tile sizes tuned for the three benchmark shapes."""
+    if I >= 4096:
+        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
+    if H >= 4096:
+        return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
+    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
+
+
+def grouped_swiglu(
+    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
+    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
+    W_up: torch.Tensor,
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+) -> torch.Tensor:
+    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
+    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
+    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
+
+    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
+
+    cfg = _pick_config(H, I, E)
+    num_sms = _num_sms()
+    grid = (num_sms,)
+
+    _grouped_swiglu_kernel[grid](
+        hidden_states,
+        W_gate,
+        W_up,
+        out,
+        expert_offsets,
+        E,
+        H,
+        I,
+        hidden_states.stride(0),
+        hidden_states.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(0),
+        W_gate.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(2),
+        out.stride(0),
+        out.stride(1),
+        **{k: v for k, v in cfg.items() if k.startswith("BLOCK_")},
+        NUM_SMS=num_sms,
+        num_warps=cfg["num_warps"],
+    )
+    return out
+
+
+class Model(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: int, K: int):  # noqa: E741
+        super().__init__()
+        self.T_total = T_total
+        self.H = H
+        self.I = I
+        self.E = E
+        self.K = K
+        self.W_gate = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        self.W_up = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        nn.init.normal_(self.W_gate, std=0.02)
+        nn.init.normal_(self.W_up, std=0.02)
+
+    def forward(
+        self,
+        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
+        expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+    ) -> torch.Tensor:
+        return grouped_swiglu(
+            hidden_states.contiguous(),
+            self.W_gate.contiguous(),
+            self.W_up.contiguous(),
+            expert_offsets.contiguous(),
+        )
+
+
+T_total = 32768
+H = 4096
+I = 1536  # noqa: E741
+E = 128
+K = 8
+
+
+def _build_routing(T_total: int, E: int, K: int, device: str = "cpu") -> torch.Tensor:
+    T_perm = T_total * K
+    base = T_perm // E
+    rem = T_perm - base * E
+    counts = torch.full((E,), base, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
+    counts[:rem] += 1
+    offsets = torch.zeros(E + 1, dtype=

... (374 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<6070 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_59518e2d-bcd3-47c4-a390-7e59abdc136",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06

... (911 more chars)
tool
stdout (6029 chars) — TRUNCATED
failure:
  command: 'cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1'
  workingDirectory: ''
  exitCode: 1
  signal: ''
  stdout:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py", line 117, in <module>
        main()
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py", line 78, in main
        sol_out = sol_model(*inputs)
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/nn/modules/module.py", line 1779, in _wrapped_call_impl
        return self._call_impl(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/nn/modules/module.py", line 1790, in _call_impl
        return forward_call(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py", line 180, in forward
        return grouped_swiglu(
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py", line 139, in grouped_swiglu
        _grouped_swiglu_kernel[grid](
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/triton/runtime/jit.py", line 370, in <lambda>
        return lambda *args, **kwargs: self.run(grid=grid, warmup=False, *args, **kwargs)
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/triton/run

... (4529 more chars)
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (218 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,214 +1,11 @@
-"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
-
-Per expert e:
-    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
-"""
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import torch
-import torch.nn as nn
-import triton
-import triton.language as tl
-
-
-def _num_sms() -> int:
-    props = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0)
-    return props.multi_processor_count
-
-
-@triton.jit
-def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
-    a_ptr,
-    b_gate_ptr,
-    b_up_ptr,
-    c_ptr,
-    offsets_ptr,
-    E,
-    H,
-    I,
-    stride_am,
-    stride_ak,
-    stride_bg,
-    stride_bh,
-    stride_bi,
-    stride_cm,
-    stride_cn,
-    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
-    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
-):
-    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-    iterated_tiles = 0
-
     for g in tl.range(E):
         m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
         m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
         m_size = m_end - m_start
-        if m_size <= 0:
-            continue
 
         num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
         num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
         num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
 
-        while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
-            gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
-            tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
-            tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
-
-            acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-            acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-            offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-            offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-            for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-                offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-                a_ptrs = (
-                    a_ptr
-                    + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-                    + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-                )
-                bg_ptrs = (
-                    b_gate_ptr
-                    + g * stride_bg
-                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-                )
-                bu_ptrs = (
-                    b_up_ptr
-                    + g * stride_bg
-                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-                )
-
-                a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
-                b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-
-                a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-                bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-                bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-                acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
-                acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
-
-            gate = acc_gate
-            silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
-            c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
-
-            c_ptrs = (
-                c_ptr
-                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
-                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
-            )
-            c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-            tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
-
-            tidx += NUM_SMS
-
-        iterated_tiles += num_tiles
-
-
-def _pick_config(H: int, I: int, E: int) -> dict:
-    """Heuristic tile sizes tuned for the three benchmark shapes."""
-    if I >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
-    if H >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
-    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8}
-
-
-def grouped_swiglu(
-    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
-    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
-    W_up: torch.Tensor,
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-) -> torch.Tensor:
-    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
-    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
-    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
-
-    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
-
-    cfg = _pick_config(H, I, E)
-    num_sms = _num_sms()
-    grid = (num_sms,)
-
-    _grouped_swiglu_kernel[grid](
-        hidden_states,
-        W_gate,
-        W_up,
-        out,
-        expert_offsets,
-        E,
-        H,
-        I,
-        hidden_states.stride(0),
-        hidden_states.stride(1),
-        W_gate.stride(0),
-        W_gate.stride(1),
-        W_gate.stride(2),
-        out.stride(0),
-        out.stride(1),
-        **{k: v for k, v in cfg.items() if k.startswith("BLOCK_")},
-        NUM_SMS=num_sms,
-        num_warps=cfg["num_warps"],
-    )
-    return out
-
-
-class Model(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: int, K: int):  # noqa: E741
-        super().__init__()
-        self.T_total = T_total
-        self.H = H
-        self.I = I
-        self.E = E
-        self.K = K
-        self.W_gate = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
-        self.W_up = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
-        nn.init.normal_(self.W_gate, std=0.02)
-        nn.init.normal_(self.W_up, std=0.02)
-
-    def forward(
-        self,
-        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
-        expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-    ) -> torch.Tensor:
-        return grouped_swiglu(
-            hidden_states.contiguous(),
-            self.W_gate.contiguous(),
-            self.W_up.contiguous(),
-            expert_offsets.contiguous(),
-        )
-
-
-T_total = 32768
-H = 4096
-I = 1536  # noqa: E741
-E = 128
-K = 8
-
-
-def _build_routing(T_total: int, E: int, K: int, device: str = "cpu") -> torch.Tensor:
-    T_perm = T_total * K
-    base = T_perm // E
-    rem = T_perm - base * E
-    counts = torch.full((E,), base, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
-    counts[:rem] 

... (521 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<384 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (14 lines)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
-    for g in tl.range(E):
-        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
-        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
-        m_size = m_end - m_start
+            tidx += NUM_SMS
 
-        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
-        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
-        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
-
-        if m_size > 0:
-          while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:+        iterated_tiles += num_tiles
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<64 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stderr (110 chars)
path: ''
error: 'Incorrect tool arguments'
modelVisibleError: 'old_string and new_string are exactly the same'
assistant
read /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "offset": 40,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (2863 chars) — TRUNCATED
):
    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
    iterated_tiles = 0

    for g in tl.range(E):
        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
        m_size = m_end - m_start

        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles

        if m_size > 0:
          while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
            gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
            tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
            tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles

            acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
            acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)

            offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
            offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)

            for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
                offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)

                a_ptrs = (
                    a_ptr
                    + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
                    + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
                )
                bg_ptrs = (
                    b_gate_ptr
                    + g * stride_bg
                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
                )
                bu_ptrs = (
                    b_up_ptr
                    + g * stride_bg
                    + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
       

... (1363 more chars)
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_4580d077-1a7e-4898-b8a3-e2661cdda24",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06

... (917 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Correctness passes. Running the benchmark and optimizing performance.
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_9bd77355-b906-49e0-89d8-b7107ddaef8",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problem

... (927 more chars)
assistant
grep /workspace/src/hardware
args
{
  "pattern": "RTX_PRO_6000|peak_tflops",
  "path": "/workspace/src/hardware",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_106269ad-a705-4be1-b078-4e79cc96699",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /workspace/src/hardware/rtx_pro_6000.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/src/hardware/rtx_pro_6000.py"
}
tool
stdout (1420 chars)
"""RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Workstation — SM120, consumer-lineage Blackwell.

Peak tensor-core throughputs are dense-matrix advertised peaks. Actual kernels
will see 60-85% of peak on well-tuned code.
"""
from dataclasses import dataclass


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class HardwareTarget:
    name: str
    sm: str
    vram_gb: int
    peak_bandwidth_gb_s: float  # DRAM
    peak_tflops_dense: dict[str, float]  # dtype -> TFLOPS


RTX_PRO_6000 = HardwareTarget(
    name="RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Workstation",
    sm="sm_120a",
    vram_gb=96,
    peak_bandwidth_gb_s=1800.0,
    peak_tflops_dense={
        # Blackwell GB202 dense tensor peaks. Derived from NVIDIA's headline
        # 4000 fp4-sparse AI TOPS -> fp4 dense 2000 -> fp8 1000 -> bf16 500
        # (each precision step = 2x; sparse = 2x dense). Verified empirically:
        # cuBLAS hits fp8 773 / bf16 412 TFLOPS on 4096^3 (~77-82% of these,
        # normal cuBLAS efficiency). The prior table was ~2.5x too low, which
        # produced peak_fraction > 1.0 for real fp8 kernels. fp32 is the 125
        # TFLOPS SIMT figure from the spec sheet.
        "fp4": 2000.0,
        "nvfp4": 2000.0,
        "mxfp4": 2000.0,
        "fp6": 1000.0,
        "fp8": 1000.0,
        "bf16": 500.0,
        "fp16": 500.0,
        "tf32": 250.0,
        "fp32": 125.0,  # non-tensor-core SIMT fp32 (spec sheet)
        "int8": 1000.0,
        "int4": 2000.0,
    },
)
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<379 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 30000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_ba38a10a-0015-482f-9b31-8c9f63c2300",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "run"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "python"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "-c

... (1241 more chars)
command (379 chars)
uv run python -c "
import triton
print('tma', hasattr(triton.language, 'make_tensor_descriptor'))
import triton.language as tl
print('experimental', hasattr(tl, '_experimental_make_tensor_descriptor'))
# num sms
import torch
print('sms', torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count)
print('smem', torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).shared_memory_per_block_optin)
"
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
await
args
{
  "taskId": "19302",
  "blockUntilMs": 30000,
  "regex": "sms|Error"
}
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages",
  "globPattern": "**/grouped_gemm*.py"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl",
  "globPattern": "**/*.py"
}
assistant
read /home/agent/.cursor/projects/workspace-problems-06-sonic-moe-swiglu/terminals/19302.txt
args
{
  "path": "/home/agent/.cursor/projects/workspace-problems-06-sonic-moe-swiglu/terminals/19302.txt"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (653 chars)
---
pid: 1516
cwd: "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
command: "uv run python -c \"\nimport triton\nprint('tma', hasattr(triton.language, 'make_tensor_descriptor'))\nimport triton.language as tl\nprint('experimental', hasattr(tl, '_experimental_make_tensor_descriptor'))\n# num sms\nimport torch\nprint('sms', torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count)\nprint('smem', torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).shared_memory_per_block_optin)\n\""
started_at: 2026-06-15T18:24:10.634Z
running_for_ms: 60002    
---
tma True
experimental False
sms 188
smem 101376

---
exit_code: 0
elapsed_ms: 60561
ended_at: 2026-06-15T18:25:11.195Z
---
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl/python_packages/cutlass/torch.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl/python_packages/cutlass/torch.py",
  "limit": 100
}
tool
stdout (2847 chars) — TRUNCATED
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2025 - 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-NvidiaProprietary
#
# Use of this software is governed by the terms and conditions of the
# NVIDIA End User License Agreement (EULA), available at:
# https://docs.nvidia.com/cutlass/latest/media/docs/pythonDSL/license.html
#
# Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of this software
# and related documentation outside the scope permitted by the EULA
# is strictly prohibited.

import ctypes
from math import prod
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum
from typing import Any, Literal, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union

from cutlass.cute.typing import (
    Numeric,
    Boolean,
    TFloat32,
    Float8E4M3B11FNUZ,
    Float8E4M3FN,
    Float8E5M2,
    Float8E8M0FNU,
    Float4E2M1FN,
    Float6E3M2FN,
    Float6E2M3FN,
    Int4,
    Tensor,
)
from cutlass.cute.runtime import from_dlpack
import cutlass.cute as cute
import torch
import cuda.bindings.driver as cuda


def dtype(ty: Type[Numeric]) -> "torch.dtype":
    """
    Return the corresponding torch.dtype per the given DSL type
    """
    torch_dtype = getattr(torch, ty.__name__.lower(), None)

    torch_type_map = {
        Boolean: torch.bool,
        # TFloat32 is just alias of float32
        TFloat32: torch.float32,
        Float8E5M2: torch.float8_e5m2,
        Float8E4M3FN: torch.float8_e4m3fn,
        Float8E4M3B11FNUZ: torch.float8_e4m3fnuz,
    }

   

... (1347 more chars)
assistant
grep /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl
args
{
  "pattern": "GroupedGemm|grouped_gemm",
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 30,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_3d09542d-e2ba-4a8e-8173-9d3e2cfc7f8",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Optimizing the Triton kernel with autotune, pipelining, and a per-expert fast path for larger tiles.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (298 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,3 +1,293 @@
-            tidx += NUM_SMS
-
-        iterated_tiles += num_tiles+"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
+
+Per expert e:
+    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import triton
+import triton.language as tl
+
+
+def _num_sms() -> int:
+    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-expert tiled kernel (best when each expert has enough tokens).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@triton.autotune(
+    configs=[
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=4),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+    ],
+    key=["M", "N", "K"],
+)
+@triton.jit
+def _expert_swiglu_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    M,
+    N,
+    K,
+    m_start,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bk,
+    stride_bn,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    pid = tl.program_id(0)
+    num_pid_m = tl.cdiv(M, BLOCK_M)
+    num_pid_n = tl.cdiv(N, BLOCK_N)
+    pid_m = pid % num_pid_m
+    pid_n = pid // num_pid_m
+
+    offs_m = pid_m * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+    offs_n = pid_n * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+    acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+    acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+    for k in range(0, K, BLOCK_K):
+        offs_k = k + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+        a_ptrs = (
+            a_ptr + (m_start + offs_m[:, None]) * stride_am + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+        )
+        bg_ptrs = b_gate_ptr + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bk + offs_n[None, :] * stride_bn
+        bu_ptrs = b_up_ptr + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bk + offs_n[None, :] * stride_bn
+
+        a_mask = (offs_m[:, None] < M) & (offs_k[None, :] < K)
+        b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < K) & (offs_n[None, :] < N)
+
+        a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+        bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+        bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+        acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+        acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+    gate = acc_gate
+    silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+    c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+    c_ptrs = c_ptr + (m_start + offs_m[:, None]) * stride_cm + offs_n[None, :] * stride_cn
+    mask = (offs_m[:, None] < M) & (offs_n[None, :] < N)
+    tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=mask)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Persistent grouped kernel (handles variable M per expert in one launch).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@triton.autotune(
+    configs=[
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=4),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+    ],
+    key=["H", "I", "E"],
+)
+@triton.jit
+def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    offsets_ptr,
+    E,
+    H,
+    I,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bg,
+    stride_bh,
+    stride_bi,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
+    iterated_tiles = 0
+
+    for g in tl.range(E):
+        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
+        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
+        m_size = m_end - m_start
+
+        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
+        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
+        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
+
+        if m_size > 0:
+            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
+                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
+                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
+                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
+
+                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+                    a_ptrs = (
+                        a_ptr
+                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+                    )
+                    bg_ptrs = (
+                        b_gate_ptr
+                        + g * stride_bg
+                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                    )
+                    bu_ptrs = (
+                        b_up_ptr
+                        + g * str

... (3894 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<9400 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (296 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,293 +1 @@
-"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
-
-Per expert e:
-    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
-"""
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import torch
-import torch.nn as nn
-import triton
-import triton.language as tl
-
-
-def _num_sms() -> int:
-    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Per-expert tiled kernel (best when each expert has enough tokens).
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-@triton.autotune(
-    configs=[
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=4),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-    ],
-    key=["M", "N", "K"],
-)
-@triton.jit
-def _expert_swiglu_kernel(
-    a_ptr,
-    b_gate_ptr,
-    b_up_ptr,
-    c_ptr,
-    M,
-    N,
-    K,
-    m_start,
-    stride_am,
-    stride_ak,
-    stride_bk,
-    stride_bn,
-    stride_cm,
-    stride_cn,
-    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
-):
-    pid = tl.program_id(0)
-    num_pid_m = tl.cdiv(M, BLOCK_M)
-    num_pid_n = tl.cdiv(N, BLOCK_N)
-    pid_m = pid % num_pid_m
-    pid_n = pid // num_pid_m
-
-    offs_m = pid_m * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-    offs_n = pid_n * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-    acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-    acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-    for k in range(0, K, BLOCK_K):
-        offs_k = k + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-        a_ptrs = (
-            a_ptr + (m_start + offs_m[:, None]) * stride_am + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-        )
-        bg_ptrs = b_gate_ptr + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bk + offs_n[None, :] * stride_bn
-        bu_ptrs = b_up_ptr + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bk + offs_n[None, :] * stride_bn
-
-        a_mask = (offs_m[:, None] < M) & (offs_k[None, :] < K)
-        b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < K) & (offs_n[None, :] < N)
-
-        a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-        bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-        bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-        acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
-        acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
-
-    gate = acc_gate
-    silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
-    c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
-
-    c_ptrs = c_ptr + (m_start + offs_m[:, None]) * stride_cm + offs_n[None, :] * stride_cn
-    mask = (offs_m[:, None] < M) & (offs_n[None, :] < N)
-    tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=mask)
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Persistent grouped kernel (handles variable M per expert in one launch).
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-@triton.autotune(
-    configs=[
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=4),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-    ],
-    key=["H", "I", "E"],
-)
-@triton.jit
-def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
-    a_ptr,
-    b_gate_ptr,
-    b_up_ptr,
-    c_ptr,
-    offsets_ptr,
-    E,
-    H,
-    I,
-    stride_am,
-    stride_ak,
-    stride_bg,
-    stride_bh,
-    stride_bi,
-    stride_cm,
-    stride_cn,
-    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
-):
-    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-    iterated_tiles = 0
-
-    for g in tl.range(E):
-        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
-        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
-        m_size = m_end - m_start
-
-        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
-        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
-        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
-
-        if m_size > 0:
-            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
-                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
-                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
-                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
-
-                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-                    a_ptrs = (
-                        a_ptr
-                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-                    )
-                    bg_ptrs = (
-                        b_gate_ptr
-                        + g * stride_bg
-                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-                    )
-                    bu_ptrs = (
-                        b_up_ptr
-                        + g * stride_bg
-                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-      

... (3923 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "        triton.Config({\"BLOCK_M\": 128, \"BLOCK_N\": 64, \"BLOCK_K\": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_8a35cbd1-cfcf-42d2-b6c5-3f80cfa552d",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06

... (927 more chars)
tool
stdout (747 chars)
failure:
  command: 'cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1'
  workingDirectory: ''
  exitCode: 1
  signal: ''
  stdout:
    FAIL: shape 0 {'T_total': 32768, 'H': 4096, 'I': 1536, 'E': 128, 'K': 8} seed 42 case nominal: tolerance exceeded: max_abs_diff=0.194336 max_rel_diff=5.21541e+24 bad=9668829/402653184 worst_idx=(96606, 470) (atol=0.02, rtol=0.02)
  stderr: ''
  executionTime: 84304
  interleavedOutput:
    FAIL: shape 0 {'T_total': 32768, 'H': 4096, 'I': 1536, 'E': 128, 'K': 8} seed 42 case nominal: tolerance exceeded: max_abs_diff=0.194336 max_rel_diff=5.21541e+24 bad=9668829/402653184 worst_idx=(96606, 470) (atol=0.02, rtol=0.02)
  aborted: False
  localExecutionTimeMs: 84234
isBackground: False
assistant
Fixing the grid calculation to use autotuned block sizes via a meta function.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (17 lines)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1 +1,15 @@
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),+    # Per-expert path: one launch per expert with autotuned tile GEMM.
+    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
+    for e in range(E):
+        m_start = offsets[e]
+        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
+        m_size = m_end - m_start
+        if m_size == 0:
+            continue
+
+        def grid(meta):
+            return (
+                triton.cdiv(m_size, meta["BLOCK_M"]) * triton.cdiv(I, meta["BLOCK_N"]),
+            )
+
+        _expert_swiglu_kernel[grid](
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<455 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_aad5aa7c-f2aa-4176-a856-6904523ccf8",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06

... (914 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_707beb2b-a2aa-4dce-8b17-610d880775f",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problem

... (930 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Per-expert launches regressed. Switching back to the persistent kernel with autotune and exploring CUTLASS DSL for Blackwell.
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<1737 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 120000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_3bbbe7a9-d86a-4256-8a96-2ae30380793",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": true,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
      },
      {
        

... (752 more chars)
command (1737 chars)
cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python - <<'PY'
import torch, triton, time
import reference, solution, shapes

device = torch.device('cuda')
shape = shapes.SHAPES[0]
for k,v in shape.items():
    setattr(reference, k, v)
    setattr(solution, k, v)

ref_model = reference.Model(*reference.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
sol_model = solution.Model(*solution.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
sol_model.load_state_dict(ref_model.state_dict())
torch.manual_seed(42)
inputs = [t.to(device) for t in reference.get_inputs()]

# warmup
for _ in range(3):
    solution.grouped_swiglu(inputs[0], sol_model.W_gate, sol_model.W_up, inputs[1])
torch.cuda.synchronize()

# time persistent vs per-expert by temporarily swapping
import importlib
mod = importlib.import_module('solution')

# benchmark current
st=time.perf_counter();
for _ in range(10):
    mod.grouped_swiglu(inputs[0], sol_model.W_gate, sol_model.W_up, inputs[1])
torch.cuda.synchronize();
print('current ms', (time.perf_counter()-st)*100)

# benchmark persistent kernel only
E,H,I = shape['E'], shape['H'], shape['I']
T_perm = shape['T_total']*shape['K']
out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device)
num_sms = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
st=time.perf_counter();
for _ in range(10):
    mod._grouped_swiglu_kernel[(num_sms,)](
        inputs[0], sol_model.W_gate, sol_model.W_up, out, inputs[1],
        E,H,I,
        inputs[0].stride(0), inputs[0].stride(1),
        sol_model.W_gate.stride(0), sol_model.W_gate.stride(1), sol_model.W_gate.stride(2),
        out.stride(0), out.stride(1),
        NUM_SMS=num_sms,
    )
torch.cuda.synchronize();
print('persistent ms', (time.perf_counter()-st)*100)
PY
assistant
read /workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl/python_packages/cutlass/utils/blackwell_helpers.py
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/nvidia_cutlass_dsl/python_packages/cutlass/utils/blackwell_helpers.py",
  "limit": 150
}
tool
stdout (4947 chars) — TRUNCATED
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2025 - 2026 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-NvidiaProprietary
#
# Use of this software is governed by the terms and conditions of the
# NVIDIA End User License Agreement (EULA), available at:
# https://docs.nvidia.com/cutlass/latest/media/docs/pythonDSL/license.html
#
# Any use, reproduction, disclosure, or distribution of this software
# and related documentation outside the scope permitted by the EULA
# is strictly prohibited.

from typing import Any, List, Optional, Type, Union, Tuple, overload
from typing_extensions import deprecated

from cutlass.cutlass_dsl import (
    Float16,
    BFloat16,
    TFloat32,
    Float32,
    Uint8,
    Int8,
    Float8E4M3FN,
    Float8E5M2,
    Float6E3M2FN,
    Float6E2M3FN,
    Float4E2M1FN,
    Numeric,
    NumericMeta,
    dsl_user_op,
)
import cutlass.cute as cute
from cutlass._mlir import ir
from cutlass.cute.nvgpu import OperandMajorMode
from cutlass.cute.nvgpu.common import CopyUniversalOp
from cutlass.cute.nvgpu.warp import StMatrix8x8x16bOp, StMatrix16x8x8bOp
from cutlass.cute.nvgpu.tcgen05 import (
    MmaF16BF16Op,
    MmaTF32Op,
    MmaI8Op,
    MmaF8F6F4Op,
    MmaMXF8F6F4Op,
    MmaMXF4Op,
    MmaMXF4NVF4Op,
    SM103MmaMXF4Op,
    SM103MmaMXF4NVF4Op,
    OperandSource as Tcgen05OperandSource,
    CtaGroup,
    Ld16x64bOp,
    Ld16x128bOp,
    Ld16x256bOp,
    Ld16x32bx2Op,
    Ld32x32bOp,
    Repetition,
    Pack,
    SmemL

... (3447 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/Dao-AILab/quack.git /tmp/quack 2>&1 | tail -5",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 60000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_50c7e552-bc52-4fb4-8bb8-c664363f1eb",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "git",
    "tail"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "git",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "clone"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "--depth"
     

... (1116 more chars)
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (225 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,15 +1,209 @@
-    # Per-expert path: one launch per expert with autotuned tile GEMM.
-    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
-    for e in range(E):
-        m_start = offsets[e]
-        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
+"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
+
+Per expert e:
+    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import triton
+import triton.language as tl
+
+
+def _num_sms() -> int:
+    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
+
+
+@triton.autotune(
+    configs=[
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 256}, num_stages=2, num_warps=4),
+    ],
+    key=["H", "I", "E"],
+)
+@triton.jit
+def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    offsets_ptr,
+    E,
+    H,
+    I,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bg,
+    stride_bh,
+    stride_bi,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
+    iterated_tiles = 0
+
+    for g in tl.range(E):
+        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
+        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
         m_size = m_end - m_start
-        if m_size == 0:
-            continue
-
-        def grid(meta):
-            return (
-                triton.cdiv(m_size, meta["BLOCK_M"]) * triton.cdiv(I, meta["BLOCK_N"]),
-            )
-
-        _expert_swiglu_kernel[grid](+
+        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
+        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
+        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
+
+        if m_size > 0:
+            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
+                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
+                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
+                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
+
+                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+                    a_ptrs = (
+                        a_ptr
+                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+                    )
+                    bg_ptrs = (
+                        b_gate_ptr
+                        + g * stride_bg
+                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                    )
+                    bu_ptrs = (
+                        b_up_ptr
+                        + g * stride_bg
+                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                    )
+
+                    a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
+                    b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+
+                    a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+                    bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+                    bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+                    acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+                    acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+                gate = acc_gate
+                silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+                c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+                c_ptrs = (
+                    c_ptr
+                    + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
+                    + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
+                )
+                c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+                tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
+
+                tidx += NUM_SMS
+
+        iterated_tiles += num_tiles
+
+
+def grouped_swiglu(
+    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
+    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
+    W_up: torch.Tensor,
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+) -> torch.Tensor:
+    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
+    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
+    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
+
+    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
+    num_sms = _num_sms()
+
+    _grouped_swiglu_kernel[(num_sms,)](
+        hidden_states,
+        W_gate,
+        W_up,
+        out,
+        expert_offsets,
+        E,
+        H,
+        I,
+        hidden_states.stride(0),
+        hidden_states.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(0),
+        W_gate.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(2),
+        out.stride(0),
+        out.stride(1),
+        NUM_SMS=num_sms,
+    )
+    return out
+
+
+class Model(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: int, K: int):  # noqa: E741
+        super().__init__()
+        self.T_total = T_total
+        self.H = H
+        self.I = I
+        self.E = E
+        self.K = K
+        self.W_gate = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        self.W_up = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        nn.init.normal_(self.W_gate, std=0.02)
+        nn.init.normal_(s

... (1108 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<6328 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
grep /tmp/quack
args
{
  "pattern": "swiglu|grouped.*gemm|moe_up",
  "path": "/tmp/quack",
  "caseInsensitive": true,
  "headLimit": 40,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_d74dc5e7-32de-4240-9a63-044dd5dc0e0",
  "offset": 0
}
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_bb3ec604-a4b6-4ddc-a1c8-d25c0116af6",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
 

... (1510 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
At 10.1% peak fraction. Studying quack's variable-length GEMM and pushing performance further.
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack
args
{
  "pattern": "varlen|grouped|offset",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 30,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_75f82bb4-c14d-4c75-b451-0365e1a8c93",
  "offset": 0
}
assistant
glob
args
{
  "targetDirectory": "/tmp/quack",
  "globPattern": "**/*varlen*"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack
args
{
  "pattern": "linear_gated|gemm_gated",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack",
  "outputMode": "files_with_matches",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 20,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_6a253e9a-9da1-4cec-b916-6ea3986d587",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /tmp/quack/tests/test_linear_varlen_m.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/tests/test_linear_varlen_m.py",
  "limit": 100
}
tool
stdout (2745 chars) — TRUNCATED
# Copyright (C) 2025, Tri Dao.
import math
import pytest
import torch

from quack.testing.fake_compat import assert_aliased
from quack.cute_dsl_utils import get_device_capacity
from quack.gemm import gemm as quack_gemm
from quack.gemm_interface import (
    gemm,
    gemm_ref,
    gemm_add,
    gemm_add_ref,
    gemm_add_inplace,
    gemm_act,
    gemm_dact,
    gemm_act_ref,
    gemm_dact_ref,
    gemm_gated,
    gemm_dgated,
    gemm_gated_ref,
    gemm_dgated_ref,
)

sm100_tma_gather_only = pytest.mark.skipif(
    not torch.cuda.is_available() or get_device_capacity(torch.device("cuda"))[0] not in (10, 11),
    reason="TMA gather tests require SM100/SM110",
)


def generate_A_with_gather(total_m, k, device, dtype, gather_A=False):
    """Generate A matrix and optionally A_idx for gather_A case.

    Args:
        total_m: Number of rows needed
        k: Number of columns
        device: Device to create tensors on
        dtype: Data type of tensors
        gather_A: Whether to create gather indices

    Returns:
        A: Matrix of shape (larger_m, k) if gather_A else (total_m, k)
        A_idx: Index tensor of shape (total_m,) if gather_A else None
    """
    if gather_A:
        # Create random indices for gathering from a larger A matrix
        larger_m = total_m * 2  # Make A larger than needed
        A = torch.randn((larger_m, k), device=device, dtype=dtype)
        # Create random indices to gather from A
        A_idx = torch.randperm(larger_m, device=device, 

... (1245 more chars)
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "limit": 150
}
tool
stdout (4352 chars) — TRUNCATED
# Copyright (c) 2025, Tri Dao
import os
from typing import Optional, Tuple, Literal
from functools import partial

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import Tensor

from quack.gemm_config import GemmConfig, get_all_configs

from quack.autotuner import autotune, AutotuneConfig
from quack.cute_dsl_utils import get_device_capacity
from quack.gemm import gemm as gemm_dispatch
from quack.gemm_act import gemm_act as gemm_act_dispatch
from quack.gemm_dact import gemm_dact as gemm_dact_dispatch
from quack.gemm_symmetric import gemm_symmetric as gemm_symmetric_dispatch
from quack.gemm_sq_reduce import gemm_sq_reduce as gemm_sq_reduce_dispatch
from quack.gemm_norm_act import gemm_norm_act_fn as gemm_norm_act_dispatch
from quack.rms_final_reduce import rms_final_reduce
from quack.rounding import RoundingMode


def _empty_k_matmul_into(
    out: Tensor,
    *,
    bias: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    C: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    beta: float | Tensor = 1.0,
) -> None:
    """K=0 fast path: write `beta * C + bias` (or zero if neither) into `out`.

    Used by every gemm-flavored wrapper to skip a kernel launch when the
    contraction dim is empty. The matmul A @ B contributes zero, so the only
    remaining terms are the C term and the (broadcast) bias.
    """
    if C is not None:
        if isinstance(beta, float) and beta == 1.0:
            out.copy_(C)
        else:
            torch.mul(C, beta, out=out)
    else:
        out.zero_()
    if bias is not None:
 

... (2852 more chars)
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack
args
{
  "pattern": "cu_seqlens|varlen_m",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 30,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_8088ed3e-e018-4136-b649-04664b4016d",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "uv pip install quack-kernels 2>&1 | tail -15",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 180000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_2e299d36-692c-44d0-a883-3274da471d8",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "uv",
    "tail"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "uv",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "pip"
          },
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "install"
          },
          {
            "type": "wo

... (857 more chars)
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "offset": 145,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (3378 chars) — TRUNCATED
elif cap == 12:
        return GemmConfig(
            tile_m=128,
            tile_n=128,
            cluster_m=1,
            cluster_n=1,
            pingpong=True,
            is_dynamic_persistent=True,
            device_capacity=12,
        )
    else:
        return GemmConfig(
            tile_m=128,
            tile_n=192,
            cluster_m=2,
            cluster_n=1,
            pingpong=True,
            is_dynamic_persistent=False,
        )


def nvmmh_config(A, B, device_capacity):
    """Use nvMatmulHeuristics to pick a config for pure GEMM (no varlen/gather/epilogue).

    Returns None if unavailable, caller should fall back to default_config.
    """
    try:
        from quack.nvmmh_heuristic import nvmmh_default_config

        return nvmmh_default_config(A, B, device_capacity)
    except Exception:
        return None


def prune_invalid_gemm_configs(configs, named_args: dict, **kwargs):
    kwargs = named_args | kwargs
    device_capacity = get_device_capacity(kwargs["A"].device)[0]
    configs = [conf for conf in configs if conf.kwargs["config"].device_capacity == device_capacity]
    gather_A = kwargs.get("A_idx", None) is not None
    varlen_m = kwargs.get("cu_seqlens_m", None) is not None
    if varlen_m or gather_A:  # Doesn't support swap_ab
        configs = [conf for conf in configs if not conf.kwargs["config"].swap_ab]
    if gather_A:
        configs = [conf for conf in configs if conf.kwargs["config"].cluster_n == 1]
        if device_capa

... (1878 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "pattern": "def gemm_gated",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 20,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_e0e35520-dc92-48c0-a79d-72af6f315ce",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<1331 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 180000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_6d4c10ef-0004-4273-b108-631bc21d58d",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": true,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
      },
      {
        

... (750 more chars)
command (1331 chars)
cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python - <<'PY'
import torch, time
import reference, shapes
from quack.gemm_interface import gemm_gated

device = torch.device('cuda')
shape = shapes.SHAPES[0]
for k,v in shape.items():
    setattr(reference, k, v)

ref_model = reference.Model(*reference.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
torch.manual_seed(42)
inputs = [t.to(device) for t in reference.get_inputs()]
hidden, offsets = inputs

T_perm, H = hidden.shape
E, _, I = ref_model.W_gate.shape
out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device)

# Stack gate and up weights interleaved for gated gemm? Check quack API
# gemm_gated likely expects B with 2*N for gate+up

# Try: B shape (E, H, 2*I) with gate and up concatenated on last dim
W = torch.cat([ref_model.W_gate, ref_model.W_up], dim=-1).contiguous()

# warmup
for _ in range(3):
    gemm_gated(hidden, W, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu')
torch.cuda.synchronize()

st=time.perf_counter()
for _ in range(20):
    gemm_gated(hidden, W, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu')
torch.cuda.synchronize()
ms=(time.perf_counter()-st)/20*1000
print('quack ms', ms)

# correctness vs ref
with torch.no_grad():
    ref_out = ref_model(hidden, offsets)
err = (ref_out.float()-out.float()).abs().max().item()
print('max err', err)
PY
tool
stdout (12527 chars) — TRUNCATED
failure:
  command:
    cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python - <<'PY'
    import torch, time
    import reference, shapes
    from quack.gemm_interface import gemm_gated
    
    device = torch.device('cuda')
    shape = shapes.SHAPES[0]
    for k,v in shape.items():
        setattr(reference, k, v)
    
    ref_model = reference.Model(*reference.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
    torch.manual_seed(42)
    inputs = [t.to(device) for t in reference.get_inputs()]
    hidden, offsets = inputs
    
    T_perm, H = hidden.shape
    E, _, I = ref_model.W_gate.shape
    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device)
    
    # Stack gate and up weights interleaved for gated gemm? Check quack API
    # gemm_gated likely expects B with 2*N for gate+up
    
    # Try: B shape (E, H, 2*I) with gate and up concatenated on last dim
    W = torch.cat([ref_model.W_gate, ref_model.W_up], dim=-1).contiguous()
    
    # warmup
    for _ in range(3):
        gemm_gated(hidden, W, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu')
    torch.cuda.synchronize()
    
    st=time.perf_counter()
    for _ in range(20):
        gemm_gated(hidden, W, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu')
    torch.cuda.synchronize()
    ms=(time.perf_counter()-st)/20*1000
    print('quack ms', ms)
    
    # correctness vs ref
    with torch.no_grad():
        ref_out = ref_model(hidden, offsets)
    err = (ref_out.float()-out.float()).abs().max().item()
    print

... (11027 more chars)
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "offset": 1390,
  "limit": 100
}
tool
stdout (4414 chars) — TRUNCATED
configs=[AutotuneConfig(config=c) for c in get_all_configs("gated")],
    key=["activation", "dynamic_scheduler"],
    prune_configs_by={"early_config_prune": prune_invalid_gemm_configs},
)
def gemm_gated_tuned(
    # (M, K) or or (L, M, K) or (total_M, K) if varlen_m or (whatever, K) if gather_A with varlen_m
    A: Tensor,
    B: Tensor,  # (K, N) or (L, K, N)
    # (M, N) or (L, M, N) or (total_M, N) if varlen_m - None if not storing preact
    preact_out: Optional[Tensor],
    postact_out: Tensor,  # (M, N//2) or (L, M, N//2) or (total_M, N//2) if varlen_m
    C: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (M, N) or (L, M, N) or (total_M, N) if varlen_m
    bias: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (N,) or (L, N)
    activation: GatedActivation = "swiglu",
    cu_seqlens_m: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (L+1), int32
    A_idx: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (total_M,) if gather_A with varlen_m
    dynamic_scheduler: bool = False,
    config: Optional[GemmConfig] = None,
    concat_layout: tuple | None = None,  # tensors whose non-contiguous dim is concat [gate; up]
) -> None:
    if config is None:
        config = default_config(A.device)
    varlen_m = cu_seqlens_m is not None
    if varlen_m:
        assert not config.swap_ab, "Variable-length sequences not supported with swap_ab"
    if A.ndim == 2 and not varlen_m:
        A = A.unsqueeze(0)  # (1, M, K)
    B = B.mT  # (N, K) or (L, N, K)
    if B.ndim == 2:
        B = B.unsqueeze(0)  # (1, N, K)
    if C is not None and C.ndim == 2 and not va

... (2914 more chars)
assistant
read /tmp/quack/tests/test_linear_varlen_m.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/tests/test_linear_varlen_m.py",
  "offset": 520,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (2883 chars) — TRUNCATED
A, B, PreAct, activation=activation, cu_seqlens_m=cu_seqlens_m, A_idx=A_idx
    )
    assert (dx - dx_ref).abs().max() < 2 * (dx_pt - dx_ref).abs().max() + 1e-5
    assert (postact - postact_ref).abs().max() < 2 * (postact_pt - postact_ref).abs().max() + 1e-5


@pytest.mark.parametrize("pre_allocate_out", [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("gather_A", [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("activation", ["swiglu", "geglu"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dynamic_scheduler", [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("B_major", ["k", "n"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("input_dtype", [torch.bfloat16])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("has_bias", [False, True])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [1024, 1504])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [512, 768])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_groups", [2, 4])
def test_gemm_gated_varlen_m(
    num_groups,
    k,
    n,
    has_bias,
    input_dtype,
    B_major,
    dynamic_scheduler,
    activation,
    gather_A,
    pre_allocate_out,
):
    """Test GEMM with gated activation and variable length M dimension."""
    device = "cuda"
    torch.random.manual_seed(42)
    seq_lens = torch.randint(50, 300, (num_groups,), device="cpu")
    total_m = seq_lens.sum().item()
    cu_seqlens_m = torch.cat(
        [torch.zeros(1, dtype=torch.int32), seq_lens.cumsum(0).to(torch.int32)]
    )
    cu_seqlens_m = cu_seqlens_m.to(device)
    A, A_idx = generate_A_with_gather(total_m, k, device, input_dtype, gather_A)
    B = torch.randn((num_groups, k, n), device=device, dtype=

... (1383 more chars)
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "pattern": "^def gemm_gated\\(",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "contextAfter": 40,
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_8b13b8c7-6c72-4fb9-986f-c652cce81f3",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
grep /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "pattern": "gemm_gated =",
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 10,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_03877782-3208-4453-af17-f9f2d999b49",
  "offset": 0
}
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "offset": 1575,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
tool
stdout (3367 chars) — TRUNCATED
@torch.library.custom_op(
    "quack::gemm_gated_out",
    mutates_args=("preact_out", "postact_out"),
    device_types="cuda",
    schema="(Tensor A, Tensor B, Tensor(a2!)? preact_out, Tensor(a3!) postact_out, Tensor? C=None, Tensor? bias=None, str activation='swiglu', Tensor? cu_seqlens_m=None, Tensor? A_idx=None, bool dynamic_scheduler=False, bool tuned=True, str? concat_layout=None) -> ()",
)
def gemm_gated_out(
    A: Tensor,  # (M, K) or (L, M, K) or (total_M, K) if varlen_m or (whatever, K) if gather_A with varlen_m
    B: Tensor,  # (K, N) or (L, K, N)
    preact_out: Optional[Tensor],  # (M, N) or (L, M, N) or (total_M, N) if varlen_m
    postact_out: Tensor,  # (M, N//2) or (L, M, N//2) or (total_M, N//2) if varlen_m
    C: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (M, N) or (L, M, N) or (total_M, N) if varlen_m
    bias: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (N,) or (L, N)
    activation: GatedActivation = "swiglu",
    cu_seqlens_m: Optional[Tensor] = None,
    A_idx: Optional[Tensor] = None,  # (total_M,) if gather_A with varlen_m
    dynamic_scheduler: bool = False,
    tuned: bool = True,
    concat_layout: Optional[str] = None,
) -> None:
    """GEMM with gated activation and pre-allocated output tensors."""
    fn = gemm_gated_tuned if tuned else partial(gemm_gated_tuned.fn, config=None)
    fn(
        A,
        B,
        preact_out,
        postact_out,
        C,
        bias,
        activation,
        cu_seqlens_m,
        A_idx,
        dynamic_scheduler,
        concat_lay

... (1867 more chars)
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/gemm_interface.py",
  "offset": 990,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (3150 chars) — TRUNCATED
dynamic_scheduler: bool = False,
    tuned: bool = True,
    concat_layout: tuple | None = None,  # tensors whose non-contiguous dim is concat [gate; up]
) -> Tuple[Optional[Tensor], Tensor]:
    """GEMM with activation (or gated activation) and optional output tensors."""
    is_gated = activation in gated_to_pytorch_fn_map
    out_dtype = A.dtype if out_dtype is None else out_dtype
    postact_dtype = A.dtype if postact_dtype is None else postact_dtype
    varlen_m = cu_seqlens_m is not None
    # Determine output shape based on gather_A
    if varlen_m:
        total_m = A_idx.shape[0] if A_idx is not None else A.shape[0]
        out_shape = (total_m, B.shape[-1])
    elif A.ndim == 2:
        out_shape = (A.shape[0], B.shape[-1])
    else:
        out_shape = (A.shape[0], A.shape[-2], B.shape[-1])
    postact_shape = (*out_shape[:-1], out_shape[-1] // 2) if is_gated else out_shape
    if preact_out is None and store_preact:
        preact_out = torch.empty(out_shape, dtype=out_dtype, device=A.device)
    if postact_out is None:
        postact_out = torch.empty(postact_shape, dtype=postact_dtype, device=A.device)
    # Empty-input fast path. For M=0 or N=0 the outputs are empty; for K=0
    # (A@B == 0) the no-bias / no-C surface yields preact=0 and act(0)=0 for
    # every supported activation, so both outputs are zero.
    if postact_out.numel() == 0 or A.numel() == 0:
        if preact_out is not None:
            _empty_k_matmul_into(preact_out)
        _empty_k_matmu

... (1650 more chars)
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "<1435 chars \u2014 see below>",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 180000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_541763bf-e7c1-4077-a975-0a0d6f0ac61",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": true,
  "hasOutputRedirect": false,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
        "fullText": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
      },
      {
        

... (750 more chars)
command (1435 chars)
cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python - <<'PY'
import torch, time
import reference, shapes
from quack.gemm_interface import gemm_gated

device = torch.device('cuda')
for si, shape in enumerate(shapes.SHAPES):
    for k,v in shape.items():
        setattr(reference, k, v)
    ref_model = reference.Model(*reference.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
    torch.manual_seed(42)
    hidden, offsets = [t.to(device) for t in reference.get_inputs()]
    T_perm, H = hidden.shape
    E, _, I = ref_model.W_gate.shape
    W = torch.cat([ref_model.W_gate, ref_model.W_up], dim=-1).contiguous()
    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device)

    # warmup with tuned=False
    for _ in range(5):
        gemm_gated(hidden, W, None, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu', tuned=False, dynamic_scheduler=True)
    torch.cuda.synchronize()

    st=time.perf_counter()
    for _ in range(20):
        gemm_gated(hidden, W, None, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu', tuned=False, dynamic_scheduler=True)
    torch.cuda.synchronize()
    ms=(time.perf_counter()-st)/20*1000

    with torch.no_grad():
        ref_out = ref_model(hidden, offsets)
    err = (ref_out.float()-out.float()).abs().max().item()
    flops = 2 * shape['T_total'] * shape['H'] * (2 * shape['I'])
    tflops = flops / ms / 1e9
    print(f'shape {si} quack ms={ms:.3f} tflops={tflops:.1f} max_err={err:.4f}')
PY
tool
stdout (9347 chars) — TRUNCATED
failure:
  command:
    cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python - <<'PY'
    import torch, time
    import reference, shapes
    from quack.gemm_interface import gemm_gated
    
    device = torch.device('cuda')
    for si, shape in enumerate(shapes.SHAPES):
        for k,v in shape.items():
            setattr(reference, k, v)
        ref_model = reference.Model(*reference.get_init_inputs()).to(device).eval()
        torch.manual_seed(42)
        hidden, offsets = [t.to(device) for t in reference.get_inputs()]
        T_perm, H = hidden.shape
        E, _, I = ref_model.W_gate.shape
        W = torch.cat([ref_model.W_gate, ref_model.W_up], dim=-1).contiguous()
        out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device)
    
        # warmup with tuned=False
        for _ in range(5):
            gemm_gated(hidden, W, None, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu', tuned=False, dynamic_scheduler=True)
        torch.cuda.synchronize()
    
        st=time.perf_counter()
        for _ in range(20):
            gemm_gated(hidden, W, None, out, cu_seqlens_m=offsets, activation='swiglu', tuned=False, dynamic_scheduler=True)
        torch.cuda.synchronize()
        ms=(time.perf_counter()-st)/20*1000
    
        with torch.no_grad():
            ref_out = ref_model(hidden, offsets)
        err = (ref_out.float()-out.float()).abs().max().item()
        flops = 2 * shape['T_total'] * shape['H'] * (2 * shape['I'])
        tflops = flops / ms / 

... (7847 more chars)
assistant
grep /tmp/quack
args
{
  "pattern": "concat_interleave|2 \\* n|gate.*up",
  "path": "/tmp/quack",
  "caseInsensitive": false,
  "headLimit": 30,
  "multiline": false,
  "toolCallId": "tool_a998c147-c077-4b59-9a6b-50e30e1b83b",
  "offset": 0
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/layout_utils.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/layout_utils.py"
}
assistant
read /tmp/quack/quack/mlp.py
args
{
  "path": "/tmp/quack/quack/mlp.py",
  "offset": 200,
  "limit": 80
}
tool
stdout (2429 chars) — TRUNCATED
if not ctx.fuse_grad_accum or weight_og.grad is None or torch.compiler.is_compiling():
        return matmul_fn(dout.T, x, out_dtype=ctx.weight_dtype)
    else:
        matmul_inplace_fn(dout.T, x, weight_og.grad)
        dweight = weight_og.grad
        weight_og.grad = None
        return dweight


def mlp_func(
    x,
    weight1,
    weight2,
    activation: str,
    bias1=None,
    bias2=None,
    fuse_grad_accum=False,
    tuned=True,
    recompute=False,
    concat_layout=False,
):
    gated = activation in gate_fn_map
    if concat_layout:
        assert gated, "concat_layout is only supported for gated MLP"
    if recompute:
        if concat_layout:
            ops = _MLPGatedConcatOps if tuned else _MLPGatedConcatUntunedOps
        elif gated:
            ops = _MLPGatedOps if tuned else _MLPGatedUntunedOps
        else:
            ops = _MLPOps if tuned else _MLPUntunedOps
        return MLPRecomputeFunc.apply(x, weight1, weight2, activation, fuse_grad_accum, ops)
    fc1_fn = linear_gated_func if gated else linear_act_func
    fc2_fn = gated_linear_func if gated else act_linear_func
    preact, postact = fc1_fn(
        x,
        weight1,
        activation,
        bias=bias1,
        store_preact=torch.is_grad_enabled(),
        fuse_grad_accum=fuse_grad_accum,
        tuned=tuned,
        **({"concat_layout": concat_layout} if concat_layout and gated else {}),
    )
    out = fc2_fn(
        preact,
        weight2,
        postact,
        activation=activa

... (929 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Implementing a precomputed tile schedule to remove the per-expert loop and adding TMA loads.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (247 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -18,22 +18,23 @@
 @triton.autotune(
     configs=[
         triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
         triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
         triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
         triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
         triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 256}, num_stages=2, num_warps=4),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 192, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
     ],
-    key=["H", "I", "E"],
+    key=["H", "I"],
 )
 @triton.jit
-def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
+def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
     a_ptr,
     b_gate_ptr,
     b_up_ptr,
     c_ptr,
-    offsets_ptr,
-    E,
+    tile_info_ptr,
+    num_tiles,
     H,
     I,
     stride_am,
@@ -43,81 +44,102 @@
     stride_bi,
     stride_cm,
     stride_cn,
-    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
+    NUM_WORKERS: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
 ):
     tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-    iterated_tiles = 0
-
-    for g in tl.range(E):
-        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
-        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
+
+    while tidx < num_tiles:
+        expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 0)
+        m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 1)
+        m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 2)
+        tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 3)
+        tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 4)
+
+        acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+        acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+        offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+        offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+        for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+            offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+            a_ptrs = (
+                a_ptr
+                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+            )
+            bg_ptrs = (
+                b_gate_ptr
+                + expert * stride_bg
+                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+            )
+            bu_ptrs = (
+                b_up_ptr
+                + expert * stride_bg
+                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+            )
+
+            a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
+            b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+
+            a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+            bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+            bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+            acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+            acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+        gate = acc_gate
+        silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+        c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+        c_ptrs = (
+            c_ptr
+            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
+            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
+        )
+        c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+        tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
+
+        tidx += NUM_WORKERS
+
+
+def _build_tile_schedule(
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+    I: int,
+    block_m: int,
+    block_n: int,
+    device: torch.device,
+) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
+    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
+    E = len(offsets) - 1
+    rows: list[list[int]] = []
+    for e in range(E):
+        m_start = offsets[e]
+        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
         m_size = m_end - m_start
-
-        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
-        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
-        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
-
-        if m_size > 0:
-            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
-                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
-                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
-                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
-
-                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-                    a_ptrs = (
-                        a_ptr
-                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-                    )
-                    bg_ptrs = (
-                        b_gate_ptr
-                        + g * stride_bg
-                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-                    )
-                    bu_ptrs = (
-                        b_up_ptr
-                        + g * stride_bg
-                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-                    )
-
-                    a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
-                    b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-
-                    a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-                    bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-                    bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-               

... (2525 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<7383 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (252 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,245 +1,5 @@
-"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
-
-Per expert e:
-    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
-"""
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import torch
-import torch.nn as nn
-import triton
-import triton.language as tl
-
-
-def _num_sms() -> int:
-    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
-
-
-@triton.autotune(
-    configs=[
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 256}, num_stages=2, num_warps=4),
-        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 192, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
-    ],
-    key=["H", "I"],
-)
-@triton.jit
-def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
-    a_ptr,
-    b_gate_ptr,
-    b_up_ptr,
-    c_ptr,
-    tile_info_ptr,
-    num_tiles,
-    H,
-    I,
-    stride_am,
-    stride_ak,
-    stride_bg,
-    stride_bh,
-    stride_bi,
-    stride_cm,
-    stride_cn,
-    NUM_WORKERS: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
-):
-    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-
-    while tidx < num_tiles:
-        expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 0)
-        m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 1)
-        m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 2)
-        tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 3)
-        tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 4 + 4)
-
-        acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-        acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-        offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-        offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-        for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-            offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-            a_ptrs = (
-                a_ptr
-                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-                + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-            )
-            bg_ptrs = (
-                b_gate_ptr
-                + expert * stride_bg
-                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-            )
-            bu_ptrs = (
-                b_up_ptr
-                + expert * stride_bg
-                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-            )
-
-            a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
-            b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-
-            a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-            bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-            bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-            acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
-            acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
-
-        gate = acc_gate
-        silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
-        c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
-
-        c_ptrs = (
-            c_ptr
-            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
-            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
-        )
-        c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-        tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
-
-        tidx += NUM_WORKERS
-
-
-def _build_tile_schedule(
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-    I: int,
-    block_m: int,
-    block_n: int,
-    device: torch.device,
-) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
-    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
-    E = len(offsets) - 1
-    rows: list[list[int]] = []
-    for e in range(E):
-        m_start = offsets[e]
-        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
-        m_size = m_end - m_start
-        if m_size == 0:
-            continue
-        num_m = triton.cdiv(m_size, block_m)
-        num_n = triton.cdiv(I, block_n)
-        for tm in range(num_m):
-            for tn in range(num_n):
-                rows.append([e, m_start, m_size, tm, tn])
-    if not rows:
-        tile_info = torch.empty(0, 5, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
-        return tile_info, 0
-    tile_info = torch.tensor(rows, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
-    return tile_info, tile_info.shape[0]
-
-
-# Cache tile schedules keyed by (offsets ptr, I, block sizes).
-_schedule_cache: dict[tuple, tuple[torch.Tensor, int]] = {}
-
-
-def grouped_swiglu(
-    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
-    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
-    W_up: torch.Tensor,
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-) -> torch.Tensor:
-    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
-    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
-    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
-
-    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
-
-    # Use a representative block size for scheduling; autotune may pick different
-    # sizes but schedule with 128x128 is a good default for SM120.
-    block_m, block_n = 128, 128
-    cache_key = (expert_offsets.data_ptr(), I, block_m, block_n)
-    if cache_key not in _schedule_cache:
-        _schedule_cache[cache_key] = _build_tile_schedule(
-            expert_offsets, I, block_m, block_n, hidden_states.device
-        )
-    tile_info, num_tiles = _schedule_cache[cache_key]
-    if num_tiles == 0:
-        return out
-
-    num_workers = _num_sms()
-    grid = (num_workers,)
-
-    _swiglu_tile_kernel[grid](
-        hidden_states,
-        W_gate,
-        W_up,
-        out,
-        tile_info,
-        num_tiles,
-        H,
-        I,
-        hidden_states.stride(0),
-        hidden_states.stride(1),
-        W_gate.st

... (2050 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<283 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Fixing a schedule/block-size mismatch by using shape-specific fixed tile sizes.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (252 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,5 +1,245 @@
-        expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 5 + 0)
-        m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 5 + 1)
-        m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 5 + 2)
-        tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 5 + 3)
-        tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + tidx * 5 + 4)+"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
+
+Per expert e:
+    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import triton
+import triton.language as tl
+
+
+def _num_sms() -> int:
+    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
+
+
+def _pick_config(H: int, I: int) -> dict:
+    if I >= 4096:
+        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 4}
+    if H >= 4096:
+        return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 4}
+    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
+
+
+@triton.jit
+def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    tile_info_ptr,
+    num_tiles,
+    H,
+    I,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bg,
+    stride_bh,
+    stride_bi,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    NUM_WORKERS: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
+
+    while tidx < num_tiles:
+        base = tidx * 5
+        expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 0)
+        m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 1)
+        m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 2)
+        tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 3)
+        tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 4)
+
+        acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+        acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+        offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+        offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+        for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+            offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+            a_ptrs = (
+                a_ptr
+                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+            )
+            bg_ptrs = (
+                b_gate_ptr
+                + expert * stride_bg
+                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+            )
+            bu_ptrs = (
+                b_up_ptr
+                + expert * stride_bg
+                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+            )
+
+            a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
+            b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+
+            a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+            bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+            bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+            acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+            acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+        gate = acc_gate
+        silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+        c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+        c_ptrs = (
+            c_ptr
+            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
+            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
+        )
+        c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+        tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
+
+        tidx += NUM_WORKERS
+
+
+def _build_tile_schedule(
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+    I: int,
+    block_m: int,
+    block_n: int,
+    device: torch.device,
+) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
+    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
+    E = len(offsets) - 1
+    rows: list[list[int]] = []
+    for e in range(E):
+        m_start = offsets[e]
+        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
+        m_size = m_end - m_start
+        if m_size == 0:
+            continue
+        num_m = triton.cdiv(m_size, block_m)
+        num_n = triton.cdiv(I, block_n)
+        for tm in range(num_m):
+            for tn in range(num_n):
+                rows.append([e, m_start, m_size, tm, tn])
+    if not rows:
+        return torch.empty(0, dtype=torch.int32, device=device), 0
+    tile_info = torch.tensor(rows, dtype=torch.int32, device=device).reshape(-1)
+    return tile_info, len(rows)
+
+
+_schedule_cache: dict[tuple, tuple[torch.Tensor, int, dict]] = {}
+
+
+def grouped_swiglu(
+    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
+    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
+    W_up: torch.Tensor,
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+) -> torch.Tensor:
+    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
+    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
+    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
+
+    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
+    cfg = _pick_config(H, I)
+    block_m, block_n = cfg["BLOCK_M"], cfg["BLOCK_N"]
+
+    cache_key = (expert_offsets.data_ptr(), I, block_m, block_n)
+    if cache_key not in _schedule_cache:
+        tile_info, num_tiles = _build_tile_schedule(
+            expert_offsets, I, block_m, block_n, hidden_states.device
+        )
+        _schedule_cache[cache_key] = (tile_info, num_tiles, cfg)
+    else:
+        tile_info, num_tiles, cfg = _schedule_cache[cache_key]
+
+    if num_tiles == 0:
+        return out
+
+    num_workers = _num_sms()
+    _swiglu_tile_kernel[(num_workers,)](
+        hidden_states,
+        W_gate,
+        W_up,
+        out,
+        tile_info,
+        num_tiles,
+        H,
+        I,
+        hidden_states.stride(0),
+        hidden_states.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(0),
+        W_gate.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(2),
+        out.stride(0),
+        out.stride(1),
+        NUM_WORKERS=num_workers,
+        BLOCK_M=block_m,
+        BLOCK_N=block_n,
+        BLOCK_K=cfg["BLOCK_

... (1698 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<7031 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_50f38f89-4bba-496f-85f2-7b3053845e2",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
 

... (1512 more chars)
tool
stdout (4682 chars) — TRUNCATED
failure:
  command: 'cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1'
  workingDirectory: ''
  exitCode: 1
  signal: ''
  stdout:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py", line 117, in <module>
        main()
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/check.py", line 78, in main
        sol_out = sol_model(*inputs)
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/nn/modules/module.py", line 1779, in _wrapped_call_impl
        return self._call_impl(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/nn/modules/module.py", line 1790, in _call_impl
        return forward_call(*args, **kwargs)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py", line 211, in forward
        return grouped_swiglu(
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py", line 167, in grouped_swiglu
        _swiglu_tile_kernel[(num_workers,)](
      File "/workspace/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/triton/runtime/jit.py", line 370, in <lambda>
        return lambda *args, **kwargs: self.run(grid=grid, warmup=False, *args, **kwargs)
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      File "/workspace/.ve

... (3182 more chars)
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (250 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,245 +1,6 @@
-"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
-
-Per expert e:
-    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
-"""
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import torch
-import torch.nn as nn
-import triton
-import triton.language as tl
-
-
-def _num_sms() -> int:
-    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
-
-
 def _pick_config(H: int, I: int) -> dict:
     if I >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 4}
+        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
     if H >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 4}
-    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
-
-
-@triton.jit
-def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
-    a_ptr,
-    b_gate_ptr,
-    b_up_ptr,
-    c_ptr,
-    tile_info_ptr,
-    num_tiles,
-    H,
-    I,
-    stride_am,
-    stride_ak,
-    stride_bg,
-    stride_bh,
-    stride_bi,
-    stride_cm,
-    stride_cn,
-    NUM_WORKERS: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
-    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
-):
-    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-
-    while tidx < num_tiles:
-        base = tidx * 5
-        expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 0)
-        m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 1)
-        m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 2)
-        tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 3)
-        tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 4)
-
-        acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-        acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-        offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-        offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-        for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-            offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-            a_ptrs = (
-                a_ptr
-                + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-                + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-            )
-            bg_ptrs = (
-                b_gate_ptr
-                + expert * stride_bg
-                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-            )
-            bu_ptrs = (
-                b_up_ptr
-                + expert * stride_bg
-                + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-                + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-            )
-
-            a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
-            b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-
-            a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-            bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-            bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-            acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
-            acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
-
-        gate = acc_gate
-        silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
-        c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
-
-        c_ptrs = (
-            c_ptr
-            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
-            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
-        )
-        c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-        tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
-
-        tidx += NUM_WORKERS
-
-
-def _build_tile_schedule(
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-    I: int,
-    block_m: int,
-    block_n: int,
-    device: torch.device,
-) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
-    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
-    E = len(offsets) - 1
-    rows: list[list[int]] = []
-    for e in range(E):
-        m_start = offsets[e]
-        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
-        m_size = m_end - m_start
-        if m_size == 0:
-            continue
-        num_m = triton.cdiv(m_size, block_m)
-        num_n = triton.cdiv(I, block_n)
-        for tm in range(num_m):
-            for tn in range(num_n):
-                rows.append([e, m_start, m_size, tm, tn])
-    if not rows:
-        return torch.empty(0, dtype=torch.int32, device=device), 0
-    tile_info = torch.tensor(rows, dtype=torch.int32, device=device).reshape(-1)
-    return tile_info, len(rows)
-
-
-_schedule_cache: dict[tuple, tuple[torch.Tensor, int, dict]] = {}
-
-
-def grouped_swiglu(
-    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
-    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
-    W_up: torch.Tensor,
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-) -> torch.Tensor:
-    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
-    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
-    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
-
-    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
-    cfg = _pick_config(H, I)
-    block_m, block_n = cfg["BLOCK_M"], cfg["BLOCK_N"]
-
-    cache_key = (expert_offsets.data_ptr(), I, block_m, block_n)
-    if cache_key not in _schedule_cache:
-        tile_info, num_tiles = _build_tile_schedule(
-            expert_offsets, I, block_m, block_n, hidden_states.device
-        )
-        _schedule_cache[cache_key] = (tile_info, num_tiles, cfg)
-    else:
-        tile_info, num_tiles, cfg = _schedule_cache[cache_key]
-
-    if num_tiles == 0:
-        return out
-
-    num_workers = _num_sms()
-    _swiglu_tile_kernel[(num_workers,)](
-        hidden_states,
-        W_gate,
-        W_up,
-        out,
-        tile_info,
-        num_tiles,
-        H,
-        I,
-        hidden_states.stride(0),
-        hidden_states.stride(1),
-        W_gate.stride(0),
-        W_gate.stride(1),
-        W_gate.stride(2),
-        out.stride(0),
-        out.stride(1),
-        NUM_WORKERS=num_workers,
-        BLOCK_M=block_m,
-        BLOCK_N=block_n,
-        BLOCK_K=cfg["BLOCK_K"],
-        num_warps=cfg["num_warps"],
-        num_stages=cfg["num_stages"],
-    )
-    return out
-
-
-class Model(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: in

... (1693 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<358 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_b06ed3f3-fa7e-4907-a06a-bd790ddde80",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
 

... (1485 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Restoring the best-performing persistent autotune kernel and trying a one-tile-per-CTA launch for higher parallelism.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (239 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -1,6 +1,236 @@
+"""Grouped GEMM + fused SwiGLU for MoE up-projection (Triton, SM120).
+
+Per expert e:
+    h_e = silu(x_e @ W_gate[e]) * (x_e @ W_up[e])
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import triton
+import triton.language as tl
+
+
+def _num_sms() -> int:
+    return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
+
+
 def _pick_config(H: int, I: int) -> dict:
     if I >= 4096:
         return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
     if H >= 4096:
         return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
-    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}+    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
+
+
+@triton.jit
+def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
+    a_ptr,
+    b_gate_ptr,
+    b_up_ptr,
+    c_ptr,
+    tile_info_ptr,
+    H,
+    I,
+    stride_am,
+    stride_ak,
+    stride_bg,
+    stride_bh,
+    stride_bi,
+    stride_cm,
+    stride_cn,
+    BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
+    BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
+):
+    tidx = tl.program_id(0)
+    base = tidx * 5
+    expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 0)
+    m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 1)
+    m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 2)
+    tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 3)
+    tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 4)
+
+    acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+    acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+    offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+    offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+    for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+        offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+        a_ptrs = (
+            a_ptr
+            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+            + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+        )
+        bg_ptrs = (
+            b_gate_ptr
+            + expert * stride_bg
+            + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+        )
+        bu_ptrs = (
+            b_up_ptr
+            + expert * stride_bg
+            + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+        )
+
+        a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
+        b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+
+        a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
+        bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+        bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
+
+        acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
+        acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
+
+    gate = acc_gate
+    silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
+    c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
+
+    c_ptrs = (
+        c_ptr
+        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
+        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
+    )
+    c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
+    tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
+
+
+def _build_tile_schedule(
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+    I: int,
+    block_m: int,
+    block_n: int,
+    device: torch.device,
+) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
+    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
+    E = len(offsets) - 1
+    rows: list[list[int]] = []
+    for e in range(E):
+        m_start = offsets[e]
+        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
+        m_size = m_end - m_start
+        if m_size == 0:
+            continue
+        num_m = triton.cdiv(m_size, block_m)
+        num_n = triton.cdiv(I, block_n)
+        for tm in range(num_m):
+            for tn in range(num_n):
+                rows.append([e, m_start, m_size, tm, tn])
+    if not rows:
+        return torch.empty(0, dtype=torch.int32, device=device), 0
+    tile_info = torch.tensor(rows, dtype=torch.int32, device=device).reshape(-1)
+    return tile_info, len(rows)
+
+
+_schedule_cache: dict[tuple, tuple[torch.Tensor, int, dict]] = {}
+
+
+def grouped_swiglu(
+    hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
+    W_gate: torch.Tensor,
+    W_up: torch.Tensor,
+    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
+) -> torch.Tensor:
+    T_perm, H = hidden_states.shape
+    E, H_w, I = W_gate.shape
+    assert H == H_w and W_up.shape == W_gate.shape
+
+    out = torch.empty(T_perm, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=hidden_states.device)
+    cfg = _pick_config(H, I)
+    block_m, block_n = cfg["BLOCK_M"], cfg["BLOCK_N"]
+
+    cache_key = (expert_offsets.data_ptr(), I, block_m, block_n)
+    if cache_key not in _schedule_cache:
+        tile_info, num_tiles = _build_tile_schedule(
+            expert_offsets, I, block_m, block_n, hidden_states.device
+        )
+        _schedule_cache[cache_key] = (tile_info, num_tiles, cfg)
+    else:
+        tile_info, num_tiles, cfg = _schedule_cache[cache_key]
+
+    if num_tiles == 0:
+        return out
+
+    _swiglu_tile_kernel[(num_tiles,)](
+        hidden_states,
+        W_gate,
+        W_up,
+        out,
+        tile_info,
+        H,
+        I,
+        hidden_states.stride(0),
+        hidden_states.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(0),
+        W_gate.stride(1),
+        W_gate.stride(2),
+        out.stride(0),
+        out.stride(1),
+        BLOCK_M=block_m,
+        BLOCK_N=block_n,
+        BLOCK_K=cfg["BLOCK_K"],
+        num_warps=cfg["num_warps"],
+        num_stages=cfg["num_stages"],
+    )
+    return out
+
+
+class Model(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, T_total: int, H: int, I: int, E: int, K: int):  # noqa: E741
+        super().__init__()
+        self.T_total = T_total
+        self.H = H
+        self.I = I
+        self.E = E
+        self.K = K
+        self.W_gate = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        self.W_up = nn.Parameter(torch.empty(E, H, I, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
+        nn.init.normal_(self.W_gate, std=0.02)
+        nn.ini

... (1119 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<6658 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_4e202c67-dcfe-4643-96ef-b9bac6a5167",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
 

... (1487 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Restoring the persistent autotune kernel — our best result at 10.1% peak fraction.
assistant
edit /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
diff (250 lines — TRUNCATED)
--- a//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
+++ b//workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py
@@ -15,21 +15,25 @@
     return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0).multi_processor_count
 
 
-def _pick_config(H: int, I: int) -> dict:
-    if I >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
-    if H >= 4096:
-        return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
-    return {"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64, "num_warps": 8, "num_stages": 3}
-
-
+@triton.autotune(
+    configs=[
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=4, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 128, "BLOCK_K": 128}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 128, "BLOCK_N": 256, "BLOCK_K": 32}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 256, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 64}, num_stages=3, num_warps=8),
+        triton.Config({"BLOCK_M": 64, "BLOCK_N": 64, "BLOCK_K": 256}, num_stages=2, num_warps=4),
+    ],
+    key=["H", "I", "E"],
+)
 @triton.jit
-def _swiglu_tile_kernel(
+def _grouped_swiglu_kernel(
     a_ptr,
     b_gate_ptr,
     b_up_ptr,
     c_ptr,
-    tile_info_ptr,
+    offsets_ptr,
+    E,
     H,
     I,
     stride_am,
@@ -39,96 +43,81 @@
     stride_bi,
     stride_cm,
     stride_cn,
+    NUM_SMS: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_M: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_N: tl.constexpr,
     BLOCK_K: tl.constexpr,
 ):
     tidx = tl.program_id(0)
-    base = tidx * 5
-    expert = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 0)
-    m_start = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 1)
-    m_size = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 2)
-    tile_m_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 3)
-    tile_n_idx = tl.load(tile_info_ptr + base + 4)
-
-    acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-    acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
-
-    offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
-    offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
-
-    for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
-        offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
-
-        a_ptrs = (
-            a_ptr
-            + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
-            + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
-        )
-        bg_ptrs = (
-            b_gate_ptr
-            + expert * stride_bg
-            + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-        )
-        bu_ptrs = (
-            b_up_ptr
-            + expert * stride_bg
-            + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
-            + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
-        )
-
-        a_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_k[None, :] < H)
-        b_mask = (offs_k[:, None] < H) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-
-        a = tl.load(a_ptrs, mask=a_mask, other=0.0)
-        bg = tl.load(bg_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-        bu = tl.load(bu_ptrs, mask=b_mask, other=0.0)
-
-        acc_gate = tl.dot(a, bg, acc_gate)
-        acc_up = tl.dot(a, bu, acc_up)
-
-    gate = acc_gate
-    silu_gate = gate * tl.sigmoid(gate)
-    c = (silu_gate * acc_up).to(tl.bfloat16)
-
-    c_ptrs = (
-        c_ptr
-        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_cm
-        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_cn
-    )
-    c_mask = (offs_am[:, None] < m_size) & (offs_bn[None, :] < I)
-    tl.store(c_ptrs, c, mask=c_mask)
-
-
-def _build_tile_schedule(
-    expert_offsets: torch.Tensor,
-    I: int,
-    block_m: int,
-    block_n: int,
-    device: torch.device,
-) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
-    offsets = expert_offsets.tolist()
-    E = len(offsets) - 1
-    rows: list[list[int]] = []
-    for e in range(E):
-        m_start = offsets[e]
-        m_end = offsets[e + 1]
+    iterated_tiles = 0
+
+    for g in tl.range(E):
+        m_start = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g)
+        m_end = tl.load(offsets_ptr + g + 1)
         m_size = m_end - m_start
-        if m_size == 0:
-            continue
-        num_m = triton.cdiv(m_size, block_m)
-        num_n = triton.cdiv(I, block_n)
-        for tm in range(num_m):
-            for tn in range(num_n):
-                rows.append([e, m_start, m_size, tm, tn])
-    if not rows:
-        return torch.empty(0, dtype=torch.int32, device=device), 0
-    tile_info = torch.tensor(rows, dtype=torch.int32, device=device).reshape(-1)
-    return tile_info, len(rows)
-
-
-_schedule_cache: dict[tuple, tuple[torch.Tensor, int, dict]] = {}
+
+        num_m_tiles = tl.cdiv(m_size, BLOCK_M)
+        num_n_tiles = tl.cdiv(I, BLOCK_N)
+        num_tiles = num_m_tiles * num_n_tiles
+
+        if m_size > 0:
+            while tidx >= iterated_tiles and tidx < iterated_tiles + num_tiles:
+                gidx = tidx - iterated_tiles
+                tile_m_idx = gidx % num_m_tiles
+                tile_n_idx = gidx // num_m_tiles
+
+                acc_gate = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+                acc_up = tl.zeros((BLOCK_M, BLOCK_N), dtype=tl.float32)
+
+                offs_am = tile_m_idx * BLOCK_M + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_M)
+                offs_bn = tile_n_idx * BLOCK_N + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_N)
+
+                for k_block in range(0, H, BLOCK_K):
+                    offs_k = k_block + tl.arange(0, BLOCK_K)
+
+                    a_ptrs = (
+                        a_ptr
+                        + (m_start + offs_am[:, None]) * stride_am
+                        + offs_k[None, :] * stride_ak
+                    )
+                    bg_ptrs = (
+                        b_gate_ptr
+                        + g * stride_bg
+                        + offs_k[:, None] * stride_bh
+                        + offs_bn[None, :] * stride_bi
+                    )
+                    bu_ptrs = (
+                        b_up_ptr
+                        + g * stride_bg
+                        + offs_k[:, None] * st

... (2408 more chars)
args
{
  "path": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu/solution.py",
  "streamContent": "<6328 chars \u2014 see diff>"
}
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
shell
args
{
  "command": "cd /workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu && uv run python check.py 2>&1 && uv run python benchmark.py 2>&1",
  "workingDirectory": "",
  "timeout": 300000,
  "toolCallId": "tool_0db5e526-d7ac-4a93-9fc2-d2631999375",
  "simpleCommands": [
    "cd",
    "uv",
    "uv"
  ],
  "hasInputRedirect": false,
  "hasOutputRedirect": true,
  "parsingResult": {
    "parsingFailed": false,
    "executableCommands": [
      {
        "name": "cd",
        "args": [
          {
            "type": "word",
            "value": "/workspace/problems/06_sonic_moe_swiglu"
          }
        ],
 

... (1503 more chars)
tool
stdout (4 chars)
null
assistant
Implemented a Triton grouped GEMM with fused SwiGLU in `solution.py`. It passes `check.py` and benchmarks at **10.1% peak fraction** (geomean across all three shapes). ## Approach The kernel is a **persistent grouped GEMM** that fuses SwiGLU in the epilogue: - **Per expert `e`**: rows `[offsets[e]:offsets[e+1])` of `hidden_states` - **Dual accumulators** in fp32: `acc_gate` and `acc_up` from `x @ W_gate[e]` and `x @ W_up[e]` - **Fused epilogue**: `silu(acc_gate) * acc_up` → bf16 output - **Scheduling**: one launch over all SMs; each CTA walks experts via `expert_offsets` and processes assigned `(M, N)` tiles persistently ## Key design choices 1. **Grouped layout** — `hidden_states` is `(T_perm, H)` with variable M per expert; weights are `(E, H, I)`. 2. **No forbidden ops** — no `torch.matmul`, `torch.bmm`, `F.linear`, or `sonic_moe`. 3. **Autotune** — tile configs keyed on `(H, I, E)` for the three benchmark shapes. 4. **fp32 accumulation** — bf16 inputs with fp32 dot accumulators for numerical stability (within 0.02 tol). ## Results | Shape | TFLOPS | ms | Peak fraction | |-------|--------|-----|---------------| | 0 (32K/4096/1536/128) | 42.6 | 19.3 | 8.5% | | 1 (4K/2048/1024/64) | 71.9 | 0.48 | 14.4% | | 2 (16K/2048/4096/64) | 42.0 | 13.1 | 8.4% | **Geomean peak fraction: 0.101** → `RESULT: OK` Triton is a solid baseline here (~10% of the 500 TFLOPS bf16 peak). A CUTLASS DSL / Blackwell tcgen05 kernel (as in quack-kernels) would be the next step for substantially higher throughput on SM120 — that path needs warp-specialized TMA + tensor-core MMA rather than generic `tl.dot` loads.